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离子交换树脂及吸附树脂的物理参数,如表面积,孔度、孔径、孔度分布等,一般是在干状态表征的。但是,这些物质在溶剂的作用下将发生复杂的溶胀过程,其孔结构亦随之发生变化,因此,由干态测出的数值,很明显,并不能正确表征溶胀态的结构特枉。为解决溶胀态树脂孔尺寸测定这个有重大实际意义的课题,我们建立了小角度X射线散射方法(详见第Ⅰ.报)。本文是利用该方法进行溶胀态树脂孔结构研究的简报。在进行溶胀树脂的研究时,选用6×100~#树脂(DVB,6,致孔剂汽油100％)和良溶剂甲苯及不良溶剂水,在树脂吸收了不同重量的甲苯或水之后,使用小角度X射线散射枝术测定不同溶胀态树脂的平均孔径及其大致分布(实际的分布将另文详述),给出了随着溶剂吸收量的增加树脂孔尺寸的变化数值和关系图,并对离子交换树脂的吸附和溶胀机理进行了初步探讨。最后,也对方法的误差和适用性进行了简单讨论。
Physical parameters of ion exchange resins and adsorbents, such as surface area, pore size, pore size, pore size distribution, etc., are generally characterized in a dry state. However, these substances undergo a complex swelling process under the action of a solvent and their pore structure changes. Therefore, the values measured from the dry state obviously do not correctly characterize the structure in the swollen state. In order to solve the significant practical problem of determining the pore size of a swollen resin, we have established a small-angle X-ray scattering method (see Part I.). This article is the use of this method for the study of swelling pore structure of the resin briefing. In the study of the swelling resin, choose 6 × 100 ~ # resin (DVB, 6, porogen 100%) and good solvent toluene and poor solvent water, the resin absorbs different weights of toluene or water, using a small angle X-ray scattering technique was used to determine the average pore size and the approximate distribution of the resins in different swelling states (the actual distributions will be described in detail elsewhere). The numerical values and the relationship diagrams of the pore sizes of the resin with the increase of the solvent absorption amount were given. Ion exchange resin adsorption and swelling mechanism were discussed. Finally, a brief discussion of the methods’ errors and applicability is also given.