论文部分内容阅读
荷兰共和国在16世纪晚期到18世纪中期是欧洲手工业最发达的国家,且其城市分布最密集,经济发展水平也是最高的,行会的数量也最多,对学徒的培训和教育、不限制工匠的跨区域流动和对技术的保密是荷兰手工业行会对手工业发挥重要影响的三个方式。荷兰手工业行会对技术进步的推动作用在这些方面体现得较为明显。
The Dutch Republic was the most developed handicraft country in Europe from the late 16th century to the mid-18th century. Its cities were the most densely populated, with the highest level of economic development and the largest number of guilds. The training and education of apprentices did not limit the number of artisans Cross-regional mobility and technology confidentiality are three ways Dutch handicraft associations play an important role in handicraft industry. The impetus for technical progress by Dutch handicrafts associations is evident in these respects.