尼采一语道破天机:苏格拉底之后,希腊悲剧趋向衰亡。他将欧里庇得斯视同美学上的苏格拉底,断言:希腊悲剧在他手上开始败坏。那么苏格拉底与希腊悲剧之间究竟存有怎样一笔宿债?如果将苏格拉底视作西方实用理性诞生的源头,关于理性与文明之间的是非恩怨已经成为西方一百多年以来文化自审的中心所在。苏格拉底带来的“知识即美德;罪恶仅仅限于无知;有德者即幸福者”的理性乐观主义以它所向披靡的理智利刃瓦解了希腊悲剧赖以产生的神话基础。这 Nietzsche a word secret: Socrates, the Greek tragedy tends to decline. He treated Euripides as aesthetically Socrates, asserting that the Greek tragedy began to corrupt in his hands. So what exactly is a debt between Socrates and the Greek tragedy? If Socrates was to be regarded as the source of the birth of Western practical reason, the unforgivingness between reason and civilization has become the culture of the West for over a hundred years The center of self-trial. The rational optimism that Socrates brought about “knowledge, virtue, evil only limited to ignorance, and virtuous beings, happy people,” with its invulnerability of reason and intellect, collapsed the mythological basis upon which the Greek tragedy relied. This