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研究同质和异质养分环境中邻株竞争对3个木荷种源生长和根系发育的影响,揭示了不同种源木荷生长竞争能力差异原因.结果表明:与同质养分环境相比,3个木荷种源在异质养分环境中具有苗高生长量大、干物质积累量高和根系增生明显等特点.在异质养分环境下,福建建瓯种源木荷苗木生长量显著高于浙江龙泉和江西信丰种源,与杉木混植时尤为突出,这与其根系形态可塑性高和拓殖能力强有关,混植时,福建建瓯种源木荷的根长、根表面积和根体积等根系生长量较单植显著增长20.4%~69.0%,其根系在富养表层大量增生的同时快速向深层贫养层拓殖,占有了更多的空间和资源,提高了觅养能力,使其生长优势更为明显,而浙江龙泉和江西信丰种源根系生长和深层土壤根系分布受邻株竞争影响不同程度的降低.纯植时,可能由于根系自我识别作用,3个木荷种源的根系生长发育均受到抑制,导致福建建瓯种源苗木生长量显著减小,而浙江龙泉种源苗高和干物质积累增长明显,这与其根系生理可塑性有关.建议生产上选用觅养效率高和竞争能力强的福建建瓯种源木荷,采用混交造林的方式提高木荷人工林生产力.
The effects of adjacent strains competition on the growth and root development of three Schizocylorus aestivum in homogeneous and heterogeneous nutrient environments were studied to reveal the differences in the competitive ability of Schisandra chinensis under different nutrient sources.The results showed that compared with the homogeneous nutrient environment, Three Schima superba seedlings had the characteristics of high seedling height, high dry matter accumulation and obvious root proliferation in heterogeneous nutrient environment. Under the heterogeneous nutrient environment, the growth of Schima superba seedlings in Jian’ou, Fujian Province was significantly higher In Longquan, Zhejiang and Xinfeng provenances, especially when mixed with Chinese fir, which is related to their high morphological plasticity and colonization ability. When mixed, root length, root surface area and root volume of Schima superba Compared with monoculture, the growth of the root increased significantly from 20.4% to 69.0%. The root system rapidly colonized the deep layer in the deep layer while enriching the surface, which occupied more space and resources, improved the ability to grow and seek growth But the root growth and root distribution of deep soil in Zhejiang Longquan and Jiangxi Xinfeng provenances were reduced to some extent by the competition of neighboring plants.When purely planting, root growth of three Schima superba seeds may be due to root self-identification hair Were inhibited, resulting in Fujian Jianou provenance seedlings significantly reduced the growth, and Zhejiang Longquan provenances seedling height and dry matter accumulation increased significantly, which is related to its root physiological plasticity. It is recommended production on the selection of high efficiency and competitive ability Fujian Jian’ou provenance Schima superba, the use of mixed forestation way to improve the productivity of Schima superba plantation.