选择临床研究对象为胃EMR术43例、胃ESD术12例,结直肠EMR术120例、结直肠ESD术13例,总计188例;选取其中注射抬举征不充分、病灶暴露影响视野清晰的病例5例作为观察对象.临床判断方法以EMR、ESD术的病例对照,注射美兰抬举程度及充分暴露手术残端为要求,作为判断方法.3位参加内镜工作10年以上的高年资医师同时对每位患者采用逐一回顾性观察术中采集图像,并得到3位医师一致性认同.术后相关并发症主要是迟发性出血、穿孔;ESD术不规范致组织残留.结果:发生术后相关并发症人数占经消化内镜下治疗手术(E“,”Select 188 cases, including 43 cases of gastric EMR, 12 cases of gastric ESD, 120 cases of colorectal EMR and 13 cases of colorectal ESD. Among them, 5 cases with insufficient injection lift sign and limited visual field caused by lesion exposure were selected as observation objects. Clinical judgment was based on case-control study of EMR/ESD surgery, with the requirement of lifting degree when injecting Meilan and full exposure to surgical stump. 3 senior doctors who had participated in endoscopic work for more than 10 years observed the intraoperative images of each patient retrospectively at the same time, and the results were agreed unanimously. Postoperative complications are mainly delayed hemorrhage and perforation, together with tissue residue cause by non-standardized ESD. Results: The proportion of postoperative complications in ESD/EMR surgery was 5 cases /188 cases =0.027％. If the lifting degree of injecting Meilan was not enough, it was easy to injure the submucosa, even the muscularis propria, during high frequency electrocoagulation, especially when EMR could not determine the situation below the lesion stump. Insufficient exposure to surgical stump of lesion resulted in an unclear visual field and inaccurate clamping with the titanium clip. Both could lead to delayed vascular bleeding or oozing. Inadequate lifting could also cause perforation or tissue residue.