Stability of Sn-Pb mixed organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells:Progress,challenges,and per

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The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin-lead (Sn-Pb) mixed perovskites with low bandgaps have been rapidly developed,and their single junction solar cells have reached power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 21%,which also makes them ideal candidate as low band-gap sub-cell for tandem device.Nevertheless,due to the incorporation of unstable Sn2+,the stability issue becomes the vital problem for the further development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells (PSCs).In this review,we are dedicated to give a full view in current understanding on the stability issue of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs.We begin with the demonstration on the origin of instability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites,including oxidation of Sn2+,defects,and interfacial layer induced instability.Sequentially,the up-to-date developments on the stability improvement of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs is systematically reviewed,including composition engineering,additive engineering,and interfacial engineering.At last,the current challenges and future perspectives on the stability study of Sn-Pb mixed PSCs are discussed,which we hope could promote the further application of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites towards commercialization.
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