论文部分内容阅读
第一节 根据短文内容，判断正误
名师导航
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求考生根据短文的内容，判断所给的句子意思是否正确。这类试题总是联系短文的内容进行发挥，或是给出意思相近或相反的几个句子要求鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、变换句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。
正误判断题的一般解题思路是：
1 阅读原文、捕捉信息、理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章内容概要，理解短文的大意和理清全文脉络。
2 审读题目、找出相关判断依据。读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。
3 重读短文、逐题复检、核查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重读一遍，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对有些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别，作出正确的判断。有些正误判断题要从西方语言文化及历史背景人手，多了解英美文化背景和习俗可以提高答题的正确率。
名题精析
(2006天津市)阅读下面的短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F’’表示。
One Sunday, Cody decided to go sailing in hisboat with his friend Dane, but Dane happened to be a－way. Dane’s brother Brett wanted to go insteadthough he did not know anything about sailing. Codyagreed and they set out to sea.
Soon they found themselves in a thick fog. Codywas sure they would be hit by a big ship. Fortunately(幸运地) he saw a large buoy(浮标) through the fogand decided to tie the boat to it for safety. As he wasgetting onto the buoy, however, he dropped the wetrope. The boat moved away on the fog carrying Brettwho did not know how to use the radio. He drifted(漂流) about and was not seen until twelve hours later.
Cody spent the night on the buoy. In the earlymorning he fell asleep and was having a bad dreamwhen a shout woke him up. A ship, the Good Hope,came up and he climbed onto it and thanked the cap-tain. The captain told him that Brett had been pickedup by another ship and the ship’s captain had sent outa message.
( )1.Cody went sailing in his boat with his friend’s
brother Brett．
( )2.About sailing，Brett knew a little．
( )3.Soon they got into trouble because of the thick
fog．
( )4.They drifted about and were not seen until
twelve hours later．
( )5.Brett was saved by the ship，the Good Hope．
点拨：
1.本题可在文章中第一段第二、三行找到答案。答案为：T。
2.本题可从第一段的倒数第二行的“though hedid not know anything about sailing”看出答案为：F。
3.从第二段最后5行可以看出Brett和Cody被大雾分散了，与trouble一词的意思吻合，故答案为：T。
4.从第二段的最后一句话可以知道，他们分散了12个小时之后才见面。答案为：T。
5.从最后一段可得知，是Cody被the GoodHope解救了，而Brett则是被另一艘船救了，答案为：F。
误区警示
解题时忌主观猜测。少数阅读题只需根据生活常识就可判断正误，而绝大多数则不然，考生必须按照原文来判断正误。因此，考生在做后一种测试题时，一定要排除自身的生活经验、经历和已有的知识等主观因素的干扰，按照文章实际反映的情况来判断。只有完全符合文章意思的句子，方可判定为正确。那些基本意思相符，却仍有某一点不符的应判定为错误。
决胜2008年
阅读短文时主要应捕捉内容要点，掌握主旨和作者意图，不要过分推敲语言点，否则难以作出正确的判断。有些正误判断题要从西方语言文化及历史背景人手，多了解英美文化背景和习俗可以提高答题的正确率。
破关训练
一、根据短文的内容判断下列句子正误。正确的写“T，”错误的写“F”。
A kind of little cars may be seen in the streets inthe future．People will like this kind 0f small cars bet－ter than the big ones．The car is as small as a bike butit can carry two people in it．Everybody can drive it easily，just like riding a bike．Even children and old people can drive them to schools 0r parks．
If everyone drives such cars in the future．there will be less pollution in the air．There will be more space for all the cars in cities。and there will also be more space for people to walk in the streets．
The little cars of the future will cost less moneyto buy and to drive．These little cars can g0 only 65 kilometers an hour．so driving will be safer．The cars of the future will be fine for going around the city．butthey will not be useful for long trips．
This kind of cars can save a 10t of gas(汽油)．They Will go 450 kilometers，then they have t0 stopfor more gas。They are nice cars．aren’t they?
( )1.Driving big cars can make the air dirtier．
( )2.The little cars can make more space for other cars and people．
( )3.These little cars will be useful for a long trip．
( )4.This kind of cars can save much gas．
( )5.Only children and old people can drive the lit－ tle cars．
二、阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。正确的写“T”。错误的写“F”。
December 25th is Christmas Day．In most court－tries it is the most important day in the year．All thepeople come back to their homes to have the day withtheir parents or their children．On Christmas Daybells ring everywhere．The ringing bells tell peopleChristmas is coming．People sing and dance day andnight．They have a good time．
Most families buy a Christmas tree for their ehil－dren．And there are some presents hanging from thetree here and there. People also put presents inchildren’s stockings. In many places, Father Christ－mas himself brings presents to them. He is a kind manand in red clothes; There is a big bag on his back. In itthere are a lot of presents.
Christmas is also a day when people enjoy allkinds of food. But some poor people have no homesand have no food to eat, They die of cold and hunger(饥饿) on Christmas Day.
( )1.Christmas is not very important in most coun－
tries．
( )2.Many people have a good time on Christmas
Day．
( )3.Father Christmas wears red clothes．
( )4.There are a lot of Christmas trees in Father
Christmas’bag．
( )5.Some poor people die on Christmas Day be－
cause they have no homes and no food．
第二节 根据内容，选择最佳答案
名师导航
该题型的特点是在阅读材料后给出若干个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，对每一题都提供四个候选的答案，要求考生在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。这类试题的问题一般是紧扣阅读材料内容编排的，既会涉及材料中的细节内容，如人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等，也会涉及材料中某个词或某个句的含义，以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。做阅读理解选择题时应注意如下几点：
1 解题时要把所提供的四个备选项中有结构、语法错误的先排除，再考虑是否符合材料内容。
2 对材料中的生词或看不懂的句子，应大胆根据构词法及上下文意思进行猜测，尤其对涉及材料中某个词或某个句子含义的选择试题，要根据材料所阐述的主要内容及上下文内在逻辑关系，大胆分析推断，去伪存真，选出正确答案。
3 对于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意图及短文标题等选择试题，虽然文中没有直接说明，可统观全文，通过文中所提供的材料或联想材料以外的常识，如结合已学过的自然、社会科学知识加以综合理解、分析推测。或按作者的思路进行推理，从而推断出正确答案。
4 做选择试题时一般先做在文中能直接找到依据的细节题，后做主旨题、推理题。这样在对语篇有更多领悟的基础上再进行推理判断和概括总结，把握性就更大。
5 阅读的顺序一般是先读材料，再看题目，然后逐题作答。若文章较长，也可以先将测试题目通览一遍，然后带着问题阅读材料。这样对与答题有关的段落、句子反应敏感，而对其他与答题无关的部分可以不必花费太多时间，阅读速度就可加快些。
名题精析
(2007重庆市)阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
1. It’s Friday afternoon, you can go to______
A.visit the museum B.play soccer
C.play basketball D.read children’s stories
2.If children want to watch new films, they should go to
A.16 Yangtze Road B.89 North Main Street
C.106 Green Street D.99 Brick Road
3.If you dial(拨号) 66387901,you can______
A.ask for some hotel information
B.do some shopping
C.have a good story time
D.order fast food in a restaurant
4.Lily’s father is ill. She should dial______
A.800－120－9847 B.79210583
C.68787451 D.96725643
5.You can not get any information about______
from the two notices.
A.looking for a hotel
B.doing eye exercises
C.eating fast food
D.taking a taxi
点拨：这是一道表格式的阅读，带有很强的任务色彩，是生活中十分实用的文体。从表格题得知其内容是产告。首先快速查看表格中的信息，确认以下内容：1.博物馆开放情况。2.儿童图书馆有关情况。3.运动信息。4.电影信息。5.常用的电话号码。然后看题，选择相关选项，最后确认答案。答案为：CDDCB。
误区警示
忌草率行事。在设计理解题时，设计者往往在四个选项中设计出一个似是而非的答案。这样的答案干扰性特别强，容易迷惑考生。如果发现一个看似正确的答案就草率选择，往往会掉进设计者设置的“陷阱”里。处理的方法是：对所给四个备选答案进行分析比较，在理解阅读材料内容的基础上去伪存真，方可选出正确答案。
决胜2008年
词汇是语言的三大要素之一，更是阅读理解的基石。我们在阅读理解时所遇到的首要问题是词语障碍，没有一定的词汇量作基础，就谈不上理解能力的提高。因此，熟练掌握课本单词，适量扩充课外词汇是提高阅读能力的基础。
破关训练
一、根据短文内容。选择正确答案。
One of the easiest ways to keep fit is to do jog－ging：“Jogging is the name for a very gentle (舒缓的)running－it is just a little faster than walking. ”
Start slow jog 20 meters, and then walk 20 me－ters. Little by little, if you are not feeling very tired,you may do more jogging and less walking. Finally,jog the whole way. It will be easy for you to’start jog－ging for 15 minutes twice a week, slowly, increase thisto 20－30 minutes everyday. The longer you join injogging,the more you enjoy it and the healthier youwill become. Some people like jogging alone, and oth－ers enjoy doing it with friends. Jogging in groupsmakes more people keener(热心的), because you justcannot stay in bed while there is a group of friendswaiting outside. If you want to start jogging, prepare apair of comfortable shoes and a determined mind,
( )1.Jogging means_______
A.walking
B. running as fast as possible
C. slow running
( )2.if you are not feeling very tired,_______
A. you may do more jogging
B. you may not do more jogging
C. you are very healthy and needn’t do more
jogging
( )3.One good point of jogging in groups is
A. you don’t feel lonely
B. you are not likely to give it up halfway
C. you can run faster
( )4. If you want to start jogging, what you need
most is
A. a pair of comfortable shoes and a deter－
mined mind
B.a sports suit and a lot of students
C.a partner and a good plan
( )5.What’s the meaning of the word “deter
mined” in the passage? It’s _______
A.刚强的 B.坚定的 C.伟大的
二、下面是四位同学写给《21世纪中学生英文报》编辑Lee求助信。在信中思维同学分别谈了自己在学习或生活中的问题。请将四封信与文后的句子进行配对。
(A)Dear Editor Lee。
I’m a middle school student．I’m good at all thesubjects except English．I can’t remember wordswell．I’m especially weak in speaking and listen－ing．What shall I do?
John
(B)Dear Editor Lee，
I have a problem!I real’ly don’t know what tosay when I meet strangers．I find it difficuIt to talk with others because I am afraid they might laugh atme. I am not as interesting, clever or funny as myfriends. If people start talking with me, they will real－ize that I am just boring. Please help me.
Ann
(C)Dear Editor Lee,
I was getting on well with my best friend, Cin－dy. But a few days ago,another friend of mine told methat Cindy often said bad words about me. When Iheard this, I was very angry. What should I do?Should I stop being her friend or stay with her as usu－al?
Betty
(D)Dear Editor Lee,
Recently I have much difficulty in falling a－sleep. When I go to bed,though I feelvery tired,I al－ways think a lot and can’t fall asleep. So I always feelvery sleepy in class and sometimes my head hurtsbadly. Could you give me some advice?
Steven
( )1.The student finds it difficult to fall asleep.
( )2.The student doesn’t know what to say to
strangers.
( )3.The student doesn’t know how to learn Eng-
lish well.
( )4. The student doesn’t know if she should still
stay with her best friend.
三、根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
October 6,1889: Thomas Edison shows his firstmotion picture. It is the earliest film. Edison takesmany pictures. Then he shows the pictures veryfast. People can see a moving picture. The picture issmall, each time only one person can see it. Edison is agreat inventor. He makes about 2,000 inventions inhis life.
October 19,1936: Lu Xun dies at 55. Lu Xun is agreat Chinese writer. He studies medicine in Ja－pan. But then he wants to be a writer. He writes manystories. He uses strong words. He always wants totell people to love and save China.
October 31,1951: People first walk over a zebra－crossing (斑马线 ) in England. A zebra-crossing iswhite and black. People can see it easily. People walkover a zebra-crossing when they want to cross theroad. This can make them safe from cars.
October 26,1863: It is the birthday of today’sfootball. The FA is the oldest football group in theworld. It starts in London on that day. The FA makesthe rules of football. Before that, there are norules. People play football with their own rules.
( )1.Thomas Edison is a great inventor. He makes
the first
A.football B. rules of football
C. zebra－crossing D.film
( )2.When was Lu Xun born?
A.In 1889. B. In 1881.
C. In 1936. D. In 1951.
( )3. Why does Lu Xun want to be a writer?
A.Because he wants to study medicine in Ja-
pan.
B. Because he wants to make a living(谋生)
by writing.
C. Because he wants to tell people to love and
save China.
D.Because he wants to be famous.
( )4. The FA is
A. a rule of football
B. a football group
C. a football
D. birthday of football
( )5.Which of the following is not ture?
A. Walking over the zebra-crossing makes
people safe from cars.
B. The zebra－crossing is white and black.
C. People first walk over a zebra-crossing in China.
D. People should walk over a zebra－crossing
when they want to cross the road.
四、阅读材料。从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
Humans have four blood types(血型). They areblood type A,B,O and AB. The table below shows allkinds of possible blood types of parents and their chil－dren. Children’s blood types are shown in greysquares.
( )1.If both !intents are type O, then their children must
be
A.blood type A B.blood type B
C. blood type AB D. blood type O
( )2. If a father is blood type A and a mother is
blood type B, then their children’ s blood
types may be_______
A. any blood type
B.blood type A or B
C. blood type AB or O
D. blood type A,B or AB
( )3. If both parents are blood type AB, then their
children CANNOT be
A. blood type A
B. blood type AB
C. blood type O
D. blood type B
( )4.If four children of the same parents are blood
type A, B, O and AB, then their parents
should be
A. blood type A and B
B. blood type A and AB
C. blood type B and AB
D. blood type AB and AB
( )5. If one parent is blood type AB, and his or her
nine children only get blood type A and B,
then the other parent’s blood type is likely to
be
A. blood type A
B. blood type B
C. blood type AB
D. blood type O
第三节 根据短文内容，回答问题
名师导航
这是回答问题式的阅读理解题，要求考生读完短文后，根据所提的问题写出完整的、正确的句子。这样的试题听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却会感到轻松愉快。回答问题，答案越简单越好，答题应简洁明了，能说明问题就行。
当文章为一段幽默故事、寓言和新闻等内容时，建议同学们巧用五个“w”，即Who，What，When，Where，Why。在阅读时，可边把其中的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等信息一一作记号，答题时自然会游刃有余。但是，有些答案需要自己概括，这就要求同学们加强书面表达的能力。
名题精析
(2007北京市)阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
Americans love sports－they love to play them．to watch them on television and to talk aboutthem．But this hobby sometimes has serious results－at least to the players．For example．when people playtennis，sometimes they hurt their elbow(肘部)and inthis way they develop“tennis elbow"．Also it is easyto hurt a knee in a football game．These injuries(损伤)happen while the player is having fun，but theystill hurt．
A few months ago，Kathleen SimmOns，who lovesplaying volleyball，hurt her knee in a volleyballgame．Her doctor told her that she needed a very dif－ficult operation(手术)or she might not be able t0play again．She felt very sad and didn’t know what todo．
Then Sirrgmns learned about“video operation”．Withthe help 0f this new science in medicine．doctors cannow repair many injuries and get people back on theplaying field and back to their jobs much fas－ter．Simmons found a hospital that was using this newscience and went to see the doctor there．The doctorstold her the operation could help．
For this operation，her doctor didn’t have toopen her knee．Instead he put a very small camera lens(镜头)inside her knee．The lens sent back pictures，which appeared 0n a television screen．As he worked．he could see the inside of her knee on the TV．With metica，arerl’t there?
__________________________________________
3.What does the education in the United States en－
courage?
__________________________________________
4.Which does thP educatinn in mnst A sian coumtries
pay more attention to，group goals or personal ide－
as?
__________________________________________
5.Put the sentence“In some Asian courltries．bower－
er，teaehers often feel that their job is to teach
students knOWledge．”into Chinese．
二、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。
I’m Joan Croft．I have to say that I came irlto nlrsing by chance．I didn’t rea’11y like my first job，which was office work．It was all right－but that’sjust about all you can say about it．I stayed in the same place with the same people around me all day and every day．Then I became a singer，which I en－joyed v’ery much，but after a while the singing group broke up(解散)and I had to start looking for some－thing else．
Some girls have warlted to be Nurses ever siricethey were childten，but it never entered my head untilI saw an advertiserflent in a paper．I wrote in andthought，“oh，well，I’ll give it a try．”one thing Iliked about it was going away ftom home．
The training itselfis vety interesting and most ofit is just on the wards(病房)，so that you Vel"y quickly begin nursing teal patients．I lived in the nLirses’home when I artived and I had my owrl room，whichWaS Vel"y nice．
I like nursing more than I ever thought Iwould．I’ll always carry on nLirsing I’ve got a boyfriend who is a doctor，so I hope to get martied some－time，but wherever I live there is sure to be a hospitalin the place and there’s always a job for a nurse．
1.What WaS Joan’s first job?
____________________________
2.Why didn’t Joan like her first job?
____________________________
3.Why didn’t Joarl go on．with her second job?
____________________________
4.How did Joan find out the information about the
nutsing job?
____________________________
5.What was Joan’s plan for the futllre?
____________________________
三、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。
Jan Mela isn’t like most kids．Two years ago。helost an arm and a leg．But that didn’t stop him．On aSaturday，the 15－year－old boy from Poland(波兰)walked t0 the North Pole(北极)without any help．“IfI can do it，other people can do great things。too，”Mela said before he went．Polish newspapers said Me－la is the youngest person and the first handicapped(残疾的)person to walk to the North Pole．How did Me－la lose an arm and a leg?He had an electrical(电的)accident．Now he walks with the help of a 62.000yuan man－made leg．
After the accident，Mela felt sad for himself．Buthe didn’t lose hope．One day he met Marek Kamins－ki．a Polish explorer．Eight years ago．Kaminski wentt0 the North Pole and the South Pole in the sameyear．Mela wanted to see the North Pole，tOO．So Melaasked Kaminski if they could go together nexttime．Kaminski said yes!
It took Mela 21 days to get to the North Pole．The last three or four days were really hard be－cause of bad weather．But Mela kept going．
“I didn’t think we would make it。”he said。“then．things got better．”
1.What happened to Mela two years ago?
___________________________________
2.Why did Polish newspapers report the travel to the
North Pole?
___________________________________
3.How does Mela walk after the accident?
___________________________________
4.Where did Kaminski go eight years ago?
___________________________________
5.why did Mela make the travel?
Because he wanted to show that
___________________________________
四、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。
Greenland is the largest island in the world．It isin the north of Europe(欧洲)．Near Greenland thereis another island．It is named Iceland(冰岛)．Do youthink that Greenland is green and warm?
Do you think that Iceland is white with ice?If you do。you are wrong．Not more people live on the big island of Greenland．There are more people in your hometown than those in all of Greenland．That is because Greenland is not green．Greenland is white．Most of the island is covered(被……覆盖)with lotsof ice．The ice covering Greenland is higher than theworld’s tall buildings．What about Iceland?Is it col－der than Greenland?No，it isn’t．Iceland has ice．butnot so much as Greenland．Iceland has a lot of springs(泉)，and they give out hot water and steam(蒸汽)．The climate(气候)is not as cold as Greenland．Andthere are a lot of people who live on Iceland．
1.Where is the largest island in the world?
___________________________________
2.Which is the larger island。Iceland or Greenland?
___________________________________
3.There are fewer people in Greenland than those in your hometown．aren’t there?
___________________________________
4.what is most of Greenland covered with?
___________________________________
5.Why isn’t the climate in Iceland s0 cold as that in Greenland?
___________________________________
第四节 根据短文内容，填写表格
名师导航
这是一种任务型的阅读，旨在有利于考生学习英语知识，发展语言技能；促使考生带着相关的“任务”去阅读所给材料，获取、处理和使用相关信息；注重考查考生的阅读理解、分析推理、逻辑理解及社会生活知识的综合运用能力，并提高实际语言运用能力。
本题考试的形式通常是给出一段语言信息，要求考生认真读懂短文的内容，并根据所设表格回归原文找答案。此题特别注意的是单词的大、小写必须和表格其他所给的词一致。以下是答题“五步曲”：
1.通读全文，了解大意。
2.细读表格，心中有数。
3.复读全文，捕捉信息。
4.解答问题，确定答案。
5.认真复查，避免失误。
名题精析
(2007陕西省)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。
Eating habits are different in different COUrt－tries．The Chinese have a sayi’ng“Eat good things forbreakfast。eat a big meal for lunch，but eat less at din－ner．”Many Americans agree that one should start theday with a good breakfast，but their ideas about lunchand dinner are different．
Most Americans only give themselves a shorttime for lunch．So they eat a small lunch．After workthey will have more time t0 eat a big dinner．Also aquiet dinner at home with all the family talking abouttheir day is a way to take a good rest after a long，hard day of work． Eating at restaurants is also different．In China，people like to talk and laugh while eating．Very oftenyou can hear people talking and laughing loudly，andthey are just having a good time．In America it is notlike this．They want a quiet place where they can eat agood meal far away from the noises of the outsideworld．If someone is talking too loudly。they will lookat him or her angrily．The waiters manager of the res－taurant may come out and ask them to be quiet．
点拨：
通过浏览全文已对文章或段落大意有所了解，再细读文后表格的考查之处，明确表格要求及所要填的内容，做到心中有数，有的放矢。随后复读短文，由于是带着问题去读，便可格外留意与问题有关的信息点，有利于捕捉有效信息，排除无用信息，从而提高答题速度和填写表格的准确率。
1.文章的开头通常是本文的主要内容，也可根据全文内容概括。答案为：Eating Habits。
2.第一段的“saying”中可找到答案。答案为：Eat good things。
3.答案在第二段。答案为：Eat a small lunch。
4.同第2题。答案为：Eat less。
5.从最后一段第二行可直接找到答案。答案为：Like to talk and laugh。
误区警示
不要在难题上花过多的时间。因为花了时间可能还是做不出，反而挤占了做后面题目的时间；相反，如果我们把难题先搁一下，在后面的题目完成之后，对文章的理解就会更全面，难题这时就会变得容易了。
决胜2008年
带着问题复读，可缩小复读的范围，更便于捕捉关键信息。复读时尽量抓住可能提供重要线索的细节，关注与表格中问题有关的某些关键词、句以及有价值的数据，注意分析和把握作者的基本态度。复读时可边读边用铅笔做标记，把与表格问题有关的信息分类画出来。然后归类总结，看与表格所需信息是否相对。
破关训练
一、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。
Lifelong learning(终身学习)
In the past．when students graduated from col－lege and got jobs，only some of them went on withtheir study．But today，lifelong learning is becomingmore and more common(常见的)．
Lucy，who is forty，teaches physics at a college inBoston．“Next term，I’lI teach some of my classes byusing the Internet．This is the way 0f teaching that Ihave never used before，”says Lucy．“These days．Iam taking a class to learn how to teach in this way．Ifnot，1 will lose my job．”At the same time，Lucy’sseventy-year-old parents，who live in New York。aretaking an art history class online．“We love this sub－ject，”says her father，“and we learn it to enjoy our－selves．You see we can study with people a11 over theworld．What fun it is to learn like this !”
二、假如你将要前往英国。以下是为你提供的一些信息。请仔细阅读短文．根据短文内容填写表格。每空词数不限。
I’ve got some information for everyone going t0Britain next month．As you know。you’U be stayingwith a family for two weeks．Now。the most importantthing is money．You should take about￡30 in cash(现金)and about￡200 in traveler cheques(支票)．Then，when you arrive at the airport you’ll be met by yourhost(主人，东道主)family．You must remember towear a red shirt so that the familv will find youeasily．I’ve told them t0 look out for the redshirts．You’11 also need t0 take with you 4 photos ofyourself and，of course。it’s very important that youtake the school letter．While you’re there．if you haveany problems，you can call the agent(代理人)．I’llgive you her office phone number now：it’s 5804436 and the person to ask for is Mrs Belcher。that’sB－E－L－C－H－E－R，She’s in the office from9：OO一17：00 every day．OK!That’s every－thing．Have a good trip!
Going to Britain
三、阅读下面四则广告，完成广告后的A、B两项任务。
请把下列所给的四个俱乐部的名称分别填入上面广告中的空白处。
从上述每则广告中，抄出一个你能确定俱乐部名称的关键词(组)。 5.EnglishClub___________________________________
6.Football Club___________________________________
7.Dance Club___________________________________
8.Climbing Club___________________________________
四、阅读短文内容完成表格。每空一词。
I have always loved cars．After graduating fromcollege，I got one，which I regarded as my favouritefriend．I called it Victor．For the next three years．eve－rything I did was connected with(与……有关)Vic－tot,I lived a happy life．But because 0f money prob—lems，I had to sell Victor．Then my life brokedown．Without Victor。1 was like a fish out of wa－ter,Three months later。with the encouragement ofmy friends．I decided to start a new life．I tried andmade it．Everything went well again．Losing my carmade me grow up．I have learned that life won’t al－ways go our way，but we can choose to be positive(积极的)and make the best of it．
第五节 阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当的词
名师导航
该题型通常是一篇短文，在句子或短文中均留有若干空格，要求考生在每个空格上填一个词。该题型的特点有两种，一是在短文后给出一篇经改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，填词使句子或短文所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。第二种是将一篇文章的一些词“挖空”，要求考生根据语篇在空格上填入适当的词语，使短文表达的意思完整。有些题还会给出首字母。
这类试题在阅读理解基础上加进了词汇和语法的考查成分，考生在填词时既要选对词意，又不能用错词形，对大多数考生来说该题型难度较大，失分颇多。
短文填空题的一般解题思路是：
1.阅读原文。把握信息，理解语境。先认真阅读所给的短文，准确把握文中提供的信息，搞清段落大意及文章的中心思想，正确理解语境。
2.根据语境，先定词义，后定词形。在正确理解原短文意思的基础上，再细读试题所给的经改写或缩写后留有空格的句子或短文，认真理解每个句子的含义后，寻读原文中与之相关内容的句子或语段，并进行比较分析，先确定空格处所填词语的意义，再从语法角度确定其正确词形。
3.审读全文，上下参照，逐一验证。完成所填的词以后，再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，语法结构是否正确，如有不符，则应重新核查修正。
名题精析
(2007重庆市)根据下列短文内容，在短文后的空格处填上恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Andy was born in China 15 years ago．In 2005，she1_______to the USA with her family．As a high school student．she has found many differences2_______ Chinese and Americans：
About money
(1)Americans like to spend3_______than theyhave，so many of them are always in debt(欠债)．But Chinese usually spend less than they have．so many 0fthem always have4_______left in the bane．
(2)The American kids themselves make their own money．Most Chinese kids always5_______their parents for money．
(3)Many American parents think there is6_______need to send their children to an expensive university．It’s different in China．Many Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to expensive uni－versifies7_______their family isn’t rich enough
About school
(1)Many American girls take part in sports，dancing and singing groups while many Chinese girlstake part in study groups．
(2)Many American students think that B is good while many Chinese students think that B is too8_______．
About friends
Most American parents let their sons or daugh－ters make friends by9_______．They never ask them a。bout their friends while Chinese parents usually enjoy knowing more about their children。friends10_______ many different ways，and usually stop them from staying OUt too late with friends．
点拨：
1.考查词组go to“去”或get to“到”。答案为：went／got。
2.考查习惯搭配between…and…答案为：be－ tweeno
3.答案由后一句“so many of them are always in debt”和后面的反义词“less”可推断出。答案为：more。
4.答案由上一句“spend less than they have”和后面的“in the bank”可推断出。答案为：money。
5.考查习惯搭配ask for“问(某人)……”。答案为：ask。
6.考查句型“There is no need to…”。由本段的后面内容可得出答案。答案为：no。
7.这句前后有转折关系。答案为：though／al－though。
8.“While”表明此句前后是转折关系，因此该空填的应是good的反义词。答案为：bad／terrible。
9.考查词组by oneself“独自”。答案为：them－selves。
10.考查习惯搭配in different ways“以不同的方式”。答案为：in。
误区警示
所填的词必须首先符合语义适用原则，所以不能看一空就填一空，那样所填的词可能符合本句的词义要求，但未必符合全文的大意。因此要纵观全文，围绕中心意思，全盘综合考虑来确定词义。
决胜2008年
本题所填的词必须符合语法正确的原则。因此，除了词汇要过关外，还必须多做词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态方面的练习。然后在此基础上做这类阅读理解题型的专项训练。
破关训练
一、阅读短文。掌握其大意。根据短文内容和所给首字母。在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。
In most countries of the world．there is one medi－cine called aspirin．N_______(1)everyone takesit．Pedple take it when they have an ache or a pain．and s_______(2)when they have a fever(发烧)．Doctorsb_______(3)it can also help people who have heart disease and some other diseases，too．Some people，however．cannot take aspirin．It must never be givento c_______ (4)under 12 years old．Before aspirin wasi_______(5)，some people made a drink with the bark(树皮)of the white willow(柳树)．This drink madetheir pains and fever go away，but no one kneww_______(6)it helped．Then in the 1830s，scientistsin EnglandS_______(7)allthethingsthatwereinthe bark of the white willow．They found out what in the plantS_______(8)pain．Soon people were making medicine with this pain-stopping thing and sellingit．Later scientists found out how to make aspirinW_______(9_)using any plants at a11．Aspirin was firstS_______(10)in 1899 by the Bayer Company of Get－many．
二、阅读对话，根据对话内容完成对话后的短文．每空一词。
Sally：I saw you this morning and called you，but you
didn’t answer me．
Peter：Yes?Where?
Sally：At the No．523 bus stop．
Peter：Oh，sorry．I didn’t hear．I hurried to get on a
bus．
Sally：What happened?
Peter：Fred was in hospital and I went to see him．
Sally：Oh，I’m sorry tO hear that．What’s the matter?
Peter：A truck hit him last Friday and his leg was
broken．
Sally：Oh，bad luck!He’s tOO careless，I think．
Peter：So he is．But it wasn’t his fault this time．
Sally：But why?
Peter：Two children ranafter eachother．mthe street．They
didn’t see the truck coming．Fred warned them
but they didn’t hear him．In the time 0f danger
he pulled one of them’away and he was hurt．
Sally：How brave he was!Didn’t the driver see him?
Peter：Yes，he did．But he drove fast and his truck
couldn’t stop in time．
Sally：When are you going to see him next?
Peter：On next Tuesday afternoon．
sally：Do remember to call me before you leave．I’ll
go to see himwith you．
Fred was a(1)_______boy，but he did a goodthing last Friday．Two children ran after each other inthe street(2)_______a truck e~rne towards themquickly．Fred saw it and told them to(3)_______it，but they didn’t hear him．The driver tried tO stop his
名师导航
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求考生根据短文的内容，判断所给的句子意思是否正确。这类试题总是联系短文的内容进行发挥，或是给出意思相近或相反的几个句子要求鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、变换句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。
正误判断题的一般解题思路是：
1 阅读原文、捕捉信息、理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章内容概要，理解短文的大意和理清全文脉络。
2 审读题目、找出相关判断依据。读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。
3 重读短文、逐题复检、核查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重读一遍，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对有些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别，作出正确的判断。有些正误判断题要从西方语言文化及历史背景人手，多了解英美文化背景和习俗可以提高答题的正确率。
名题精析
(2006天津市)阅读下面的短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F’’表示。
One Sunday, Cody decided to go sailing in hisboat with his friend Dane, but Dane happened to be a－way. Dane’s brother Brett wanted to go insteadthough he did not know anything about sailing. Codyagreed and they set out to sea.
Soon they found themselves in a thick fog. Codywas sure they would be hit by a big ship. Fortunately(幸运地) he saw a large buoy(浮标) through the fogand decided to tie the boat to it for safety. As he wasgetting onto the buoy, however, he dropped the wetrope. The boat moved away on the fog carrying Brettwho did not know how to use the radio. He drifted(漂流) about and was not seen until twelve hours later.
Cody spent the night on the buoy. In the earlymorning he fell asleep and was having a bad dreamwhen a shout woke him up. A ship, the Good Hope,came up and he climbed onto it and thanked the cap-tain. The captain told him that Brett had been pickedup by another ship and the ship’s captain had sent outa message.
( )1.Cody went sailing in his boat with his friend’s
brother Brett．
( )2.About sailing，Brett knew a little．
( )3.Soon they got into trouble because of the thick
fog．
( )4.They drifted about and were not seen until
twelve hours later．
( )5.Brett was saved by the ship，the Good Hope．
点拨：
1.本题可在文章中第一段第二、三行找到答案。答案为：T。
2.本题可从第一段的倒数第二行的“though hedid not know anything about sailing”看出答案为：F。
3.从第二段最后5行可以看出Brett和Cody被大雾分散了，与trouble一词的意思吻合，故答案为：T。
4.从第二段的最后一句话可以知道，他们分散了12个小时之后才见面。答案为：T。
5.从最后一段可得知，是Cody被the GoodHope解救了，而Brett则是被另一艘船救了，答案为：F。
误区警示
解题时忌主观猜测。少数阅读题只需根据生活常识就可判断正误，而绝大多数则不然，考生必须按照原文来判断正误。因此，考生在做后一种测试题时，一定要排除自身的生活经验、经历和已有的知识等主观因素的干扰，按照文章实际反映的情况来判断。只有完全符合文章意思的句子，方可判定为正确。那些基本意思相符，却仍有某一点不符的应判定为错误。
决胜2008年
阅读短文时主要应捕捉内容要点，掌握主旨和作者意图，不要过分推敲语言点，否则难以作出正确的判断。有些正误判断题要从西方语言文化及历史背景人手，多了解英美文化背景和习俗可以提高答题的正确率。
破关训练
一、根据短文的内容判断下列句子正误。正确的写“T，”错误的写“F”。
A kind of little cars may be seen in the streets inthe future．People will like this kind 0f small cars bet－ter than the big ones．The car is as small as a bike butit can carry two people in it．Everybody can drive it easily，just like riding a bike．Even children and old people can drive them to schools 0r parks．
If everyone drives such cars in the future．there will be less pollution in the air．There will be more space for all the cars in cities。and there will also be more space for people to walk in the streets．
The little cars of the future will cost less moneyto buy and to drive．These little cars can g0 only 65 kilometers an hour．so driving will be safer．The cars of the future will be fine for going around the city．butthey will not be useful for long trips．
This kind of cars can save a 10t of gas(汽油)．They Will go 450 kilometers，then they have t0 stopfor more gas。They are nice cars．aren’t they?
( )1.Driving big cars can make the air dirtier．
( )2.The little cars can make more space for other cars and people．
( )3.These little cars will be useful for a long trip．
( )4.This kind of cars can save much gas．
( )5.Only children and old people can drive the lit－ tle cars．
二、阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。正确的写“T”。错误的写“F”。
December 25th is Christmas Day．In most court－tries it is the most important day in the year．All thepeople come back to their homes to have the day withtheir parents or their children．On Christmas Daybells ring everywhere．The ringing bells tell peopleChristmas is coming．People sing and dance day andnight．They have a good time．
Most families buy a Christmas tree for their ehil－dren．And there are some presents hanging from thetree here and there. People also put presents inchildren’s stockings. In many places, Father Christ－mas himself brings presents to them. He is a kind manand in red clothes; There is a big bag on his back. In itthere are a lot of presents.
Christmas is also a day when people enjoy allkinds of food. But some poor people have no homesand have no food to eat, They die of cold and hunger(饥饿) on Christmas Day.
( )1.Christmas is not very important in most coun－
tries．
( )2.Many people have a good time on Christmas
Day．
( )3.Father Christmas wears red clothes．
( )4.There are a lot of Christmas trees in Father
Christmas’bag．
( )5.Some poor people die on Christmas Day be－
cause they have no homes and no food．
第二节 根据内容，选择最佳答案
名师导航
该题型的特点是在阅读材料后给出若干个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，对每一题都提供四个候选的答案，要求考生在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。这类试题的问题一般是紧扣阅读材料内容编排的，既会涉及材料中的细节内容，如人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等，也会涉及材料中某个词或某个句的含义，以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。做阅读理解选择题时应注意如下几点：
1 解题时要把所提供的四个备选项中有结构、语法错误的先排除，再考虑是否符合材料内容。
2 对材料中的生词或看不懂的句子，应大胆根据构词法及上下文意思进行猜测，尤其对涉及材料中某个词或某个句子含义的选择试题，要根据材料所阐述的主要内容及上下文内在逻辑关系，大胆分析推断，去伪存真，选出正确答案。
3 对于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意图及短文标题等选择试题，虽然文中没有直接说明，可统观全文，通过文中所提供的材料或联想材料以外的常识，如结合已学过的自然、社会科学知识加以综合理解、分析推测。或按作者的思路进行推理，从而推断出正确答案。
4 做选择试题时一般先做在文中能直接找到依据的细节题，后做主旨题、推理题。这样在对语篇有更多领悟的基础上再进行推理判断和概括总结，把握性就更大。
5 阅读的顺序一般是先读材料，再看题目，然后逐题作答。若文章较长，也可以先将测试题目通览一遍，然后带着问题阅读材料。这样对与答题有关的段落、句子反应敏感，而对其他与答题无关的部分可以不必花费太多时间，阅读速度就可加快些。
名题精析
(2007重庆市)阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
1. It’s Friday afternoon, you can go to______
A.visit the museum B.play soccer
C.play basketball D.read children’s stories
2.If children want to watch new films, they should go to
A.16 Yangtze Road B.89 North Main Street
C.106 Green Street D.99 Brick Road
3.If you dial(拨号) 66387901,you can______
A.ask for some hotel information
B.do some shopping
C.have a good story time
D.order fast food in a restaurant
4.Lily’s father is ill. She should dial______
A.800－120－9847 B.79210583
C.68787451 D.96725643
5.You can not get any information about______
from the two notices.
A.looking for a hotel
B.doing eye exercises
C.eating fast food
D.taking a taxi
点拨：这是一道表格式的阅读，带有很强的任务色彩，是生活中十分实用的文体。从表格题得知其内容是产告。首先快速查看表格中的信息，确认以下内容：1.博物馆开放情况。2.儿童图书馆有关情况。3.运动信息。4.电影信息。5.常用的电话号码。然后看题，选择相关选项，最后确认答案。答案为：CDDCB。
误区警示
忌草率行事。在设计理解题时，设计者往往在四个选项中设计出一个似是而非的答案。这样的答案干扰性特别强，容易迷惑考生。如果发现一个看似正确的答案就草率选择，往往会掉进设计者设置的“陷阱”里。处理的方法是：对所给四个备选答案进行分析比较，在理解阅读材料内容的基础上去伪存真，方可选出正确答案。
决胜2008年
词汇是语言的三大要素之一，更是阅读理解的基石。我们在阅读理解时所遇到的首要问题是词语障碍，没有一定的词汇量作基础，就谈不上理解能力的提高。因此，熟练掌握课本单词，适量扩充课外词汇是提高阅读能力的基础。
破关训练
一、根据短文内容。选择正确答案。
One of the easiest ways to keep fit is to do jog－ging：“Jogging is the name for a very gentle (舒缓的)running－it is just a little faster than walking. ”
Start slow jog 20 meters, and then walk 20 me－ters. Little by little, if you are not feeling very tired,you may do more jogging and less walking. Finally,jog the whole way. It will be easy for you to’start jog－ging for 15 minutes twice a week, slowly, increase thisto 20－30 minutes everyday. The longer you join injogging,the more you enjoy it and the healthier youwill become. Some people like jogging alone, and oth－ers enjoy doing it with friends. Jogging in groupsmakes more people keener(热心的), because you justcannot stay in bed while there is a group of friendswaiting outside. If you want to start jogging, prepare apair of comfortable shoes and a determined mind,
( )1.Jogging means_______
A.walking
B. running as fast as possible
C. slow running
( )2.if you are not feeling very tired,_______
A. you may do more jogging
B. you may not do more jogging
C. you are very healthy and needn’t do more
jogging
( )3.One good point of jogging in groups is
A. you don’t feel lonely
B. you are not likely to give it up halfway
C. you can run faster
( )4. If you want to start jogging, what you need
most is
A. a pair of comfortable shoes and a deter－
mined mind
B.a sports suit and a lot of students
C.a partner and a good plan
( )5.What’s the meaning of the word “deter
mined” in the passage? It’s _______
A.刚强的 B.坚定的 C.伟大的
二、下面是四位同学写给《21世纪中学生英文报》编辑Lee求助信。在信中思维同学分别谈了自己在学习或生活中的问题。请将四封信与文后的句子进行配对。
(A)Dear Editor Lee。
I’m a middle school student．I’m good at all thesubjects except English．I can’t remember wordswell．I’m especially weak in speaking and listen－ing．What shall I do?
John
(B)Dear Editor Lee，
I have a problem!I real’ly don’t know what tosay when I meet strangers．I find it difficuIt to talk with others because I am afraid they might laugh atme. I am not as interesting, clever or funny as myfriends. If people start talking with me, they will real－ize that I am just boring. Please help me.
Ann
(C)Dear Editor Lee,
I was getting on well with my best friend, Cin－dy. But a few days ago,another friend of mine told methat Cindy often said bad words about me. When Iheard this, I was very angry. What should I do?Should I stop being her friend or stay with her as usu－al?
Betty
(D)Dear Editor Lee,
Recently I have much difficulty in falling a－sleep. When I go to bed,though I feelvery tired,I al－ways think a lot and can’t fall asleep. So I always feelvery sleepy in class and sometimes my head hurtsbadly. Could you give me some advice?
Steven
( )1.The student finds it difficult to fall asleep.
( )2.The student doesn’t know what to say to
strangers.
( )3.The student doesn’t know how to learn Eng-
lish well.
( )4. The student doesn’t know if she should still
stay with her best friend.
三、根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
October 6,1889: Thomas Edison shows his firstmotion picture. It is the earliest film. Edison takesmany pictures. Then he shows the pictures veryfast. People can see a moving picture. The picture issmall, each time only one person can see it. Edison is agreat inventor. He makes about 2,000 inventions inhis life.
October 19,1936: Lu Xun dies at 55. Lu Xun is agreat Chinese writer. He studies medicine in Ja－pan. But then he wants to be a writer. He writes manystories. He uses strong words. He always wants totell people to love and save China.
October 31,1951: People first walk over a zebra－crossing (斑马线 ) in England. A zebra-crossing iswhite and black. People can see it easily. People walkover a zebra-crossing when they want to cross theroad. This can make them safe from cars.
October 26,1863: It is the birthday of today’sfootball. The FA is the oldest football group in theworld. It starts in London on that day. The FA makesthe rules of football. Before that, there are norules. People play football with their own rules.
( )1.Thomas Edison is a great inventor. He makes
the first
A.football B. rules of football
C. zebra－crossing D.film
( )2.When was Lu Xun born?
A.In 1889. B. In 1881.
C. In 1936. D. In 1951.
( )3. Why does Lu Xun want to be a writer?
A.Because he wants to study medicine in Ja-
pan.
B. Because he wants to make a living(谋生)
by writing.
C. Because he wants to tell people to love and
save China.
D.Because he wants to be famous.
( )4. The FA is
A. a rule of football
B. a football group
C. a football
D. birthday of football
( )5.Which of the following is not ture?
A. Walking over the zebra-crossing makes
people safe from cars.
B. The zebra－crossing is white and black.
C. People first walk over a zebra-crossing in China.
D. People should walk over a zebra－crossing
when they want to cross the road.
四、阅读材料。从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
Humans have four blood types(血型). They areblood type A,B,O and AB. The table below shows allkinds of possible blood types of parents and their chil－dren. Children’s blood types are shown in greysquares.
( )1.If both !intents are type O, then their children must
be
A.blood type A B.blood type B
C. blood type AB D. blood type O
( )2. If a father is blood type A and a mother is
blood type B, then their children’ s blood
types may be_______
A. any blood type
B.blood type A or B
C. blood type AB or O
D. blood type A,B or AB
( )3. If both parents are blood type AB, then their
children CANNOT be
A. blood type A
B. blood type AB
C. blood type O
D. blood type B
( )4.If four children of the same parents are blood
type A, B, O and AB, then their parents
should be
A. blood type A and B
B. blood type A and AB
C. blood type B and AB
D. blood type AB and AB
( )5. If one parent is blood type AB, and his or her
nine children only get blood type A and B,
then the other parent’s blood type is likely to
be
A. blood type A
B. blood type B
C. blood type AB
D. blood type O
第三节 根据短文内容，回答问题
名师导航
这是回答问题式的阅读理解题，要求考生读完短文后，根据所提的问题写出完整的、正确的句子。这样的试题听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却会感到轻松愉快。回答问题，答案越简单越好，答题应简洁明了，能说明问题就行。
当文章为一段幽默故事、寓言和新闻等内容时，建议同学们巧用五个“w”，即Who，What，When，Where，Why。在阅读时，可边把其中的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等信息一一作记号，答题时自然会游刃有余。但是，有些答案需要自己概括，这就要求同学们加强书面表达的能力。
名题精析
(2007北京市)阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
Americans love sports－they love to play them．to watch them on television and to talk aboutthem．But this hobby sometimes has serious results－at least to the players．For example．when people playtennis，sometimes they hurt their elbow(肘部)and inthis way they develop“tennis elbow"．Also it is easyto hurt a knee in a football game．These injuries(损伤)happen while the player is having fun，but theystill hurt．
A few months ago，Kathleen SimmOns，who lovesplaying volleyball，hurt her knee in a volleyballgame．Her doctor told her that she needed a very dif－ficult operation(手术)or she might not be able t0play again．She felt very sad and didn’t know what todo．
Then Sirrgmns learned about“video operation”．Withthe help 0f this new science in medicine．doctors cannow repair many injuries and get people back on theplaying field and back to their jobs much fas－ter．Simmons found a hospital that was using this newscience and went to see the doctor there．The doctorstold her the operation could help．
For this operation，her doctor didn’t have toopen her knee．Instead he put a very small camera lens(镜头)inside her knee．The lens sent back pictures，which appeared 0n a television screen．As he worked．he could see the inside of her knee on the TV．With metica，arerl’t there?
__________________________________________
3.What does the education in the United States en－
courage?
__________________________________________
4.Which does thP educatinn in mnst A sian coumtries
pay more attention to，group goals or personal ide－
as?
__________________________________________
5.Put the sentence“In some Asian courltries．bower－
er，teaehers often feel that their job is to teach
students knOWledge．”into Chinese．
二、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。
I’m Joan Croft．I have to say that I came irlto nlrsing by chance．I didn’t rea’11y like my first job，which was office work．It was all right－but that’sjust about all you can say about it．I stayed in the same place with the same people around me all day and every day．Then I became a singer，which I en－joyed v’ery much，but after a while the singing group broke up(解散)and I had to start looking for some－thing else．
Some girls have warlted to be Nurses ever siricethey were childten，but it never entered my head untilI saw an advertiserflent in a paper．I wrote in andthought，“oh，well，I’ll give it a try．”one thing Iliked about it was going away ftom home．
The training itselfis vety interesting and most ofit is just on the wards(病房)，so that you Vel"y quickly begin nursing teal patients．I lived in the nLirses’home when I artived and I had my owrl room，whichWaS Vel"y nice．
I like nursing more than I ever thought Iwould．I’ll always carry on nLirsing I’ve got a boyfriend who is a doctor，so I hope to get martied some－time，but wherever I live there is sure to be a hospitalin the place and there’s always a job for a nurse．
1.What WaS Joan’s first job?
____________________________
2.Why didn’t Joan like her first job?
____________________________
3.Why didn’t Joarl go on．with her second job?
____________________________
4.How did Joan find out the information about the
nutsing job?
____________________________
5.What was Joan’s plan for the futllre?
____________________________
三、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。
Jan Mela isn’t like most kids．Two years ago。helost an arm and a leg．But that didn’t stop him．On aSaturday，the 15－year－old boy from Poland(波兰)walked t0 the North Pole(北极)without any help．“IfI can do it，other people can do great things。too，”Mela said before he went．Polish newspapers said Me－la is the youngest person and the first handicapped(残疾的)person to walk to the North Pole．How did Me－la lose an arm and a leg?He had an electrical(电的)accident．Now he walks with the help of a 62.000yuan man－made leg．
After the accident，Mela felt sad for himself．Buthe didn’t lose hope．One day he met Marek Kamins－ki．a Polish explorer．Eight years ago．Kaminski wentt0 the North Pole and the South Pole in the sameyear．Mela wanted to see the North Pole，tOO．So Melaasked Kaminski if they could go together nexttime．Kaminski said yes!
It took Mela 21 days to get to the North Pole．The last three or four days were really hard be－cause of bad weather．But Mela kept going．
“I didn’t think we would make it。”he said。“then．things got better．”
1.What happened to Mela two years ago?
___________________________________
2.Why did Polish newspapers report the travel to the
North Pole?
___________________________________
3.How does Mela walk after the accident?
___________________________________
4.Where did Kaminski go eight years ago?
___________________________________
5.why did Mela make the travel?
Because he wanted to show that
___________________________________
四、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。
Greenland is the largest island in the world．It isin the north of Europe(欧洲)．Near Greenland thereis another island．It is named Iceland(冰岛)．Do youthink that Greenland is green and warm?
Do you think that Iceland is white with ice?If you do。you are wrong．Not more people live on the big island of Greenland．There are more people in your hometown than those in all of Greenland．That is because Greenland is not green．Greenland is white．Most of the island is covered(被……覆盖)with lotsof ice．The ice covering Greenland is higher than theworld’s tall buildings．What about Iceland?Is it col－der than Greenland?No，it isn’t．Iceland has ice．butnot so much as Greenland．Iceland has a lot of springs(泉)，and they give out hot water and steam(蒸汽)．The climate(气候)is not as cold as Greenland．Andthere are a lot of people who live on Iceland．
1.Where is the largest island in the world?
___________________________________
2.Which is the larger island。Iceland or Greenland?
___________________________________
3.There are fewer people in Greenland than those in your hometown．aren’t there?
___________________________________
4.what is most of Greenland covered with?
___________________________________
5.Why isn’t the climate in Iceland s0 cold as that in Greenland?
___________________________________
第四节 根据短文内容，填写表格
名师导航
这是一种任务型的阅读，旨在有利于考生学习英语知识，发展语言技能；促使考生带着相关的“任务”去阅读所给材料，获取、处理和使用相关信息；注重考查考生的阅读理解、分析推理、逻辑理解及社会生活知识的综合运用能力，并提高实际语言运用能力。
本题考试的形式通常是给出一段语言信息，要求考生认真读懂短文的内容，并根据所设表格回归原文找答案。此题特别注意的是单词的大、小写必须和表格其他所给的词一致。以下是答题“五步曲”：
1.通读全文，了解大意。
2.细读表格，心中有数。
3.复读全文，捕捉信息。
4.解答问题，确定答案。
5.认真复查，避免失误。
名题精析
(2007陕西省)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。
Eating habits are different in different COUrt－tries．The Chinese have a sayi’ng“Eat good things forbreakfast。eat a big meal for lunch，but eat less at din－ner．”Many Americans agree that one should start theday with a good breakfast，but their ideas about lunchand dinner are different．
Most Americans only give themselves a shorttime for lunch．So they eat a small lunch．After workthey will have more time t0 eat a big dinner．Also aquiet dinner at home with all the family talking abouttheir day is a way to take a good rest after a long，hard day of work． Eating at restaurants is also different．In China，people like to talk and laugh while eating．Very oftenyou can hear people talking and laughing loudly，andthey are just having a good time．In America it is notlike this．They want a quiet place where they can eat agood meal far away from the noises of the outsideworld．If someone is talking too loudly。they will lookat him or her angrily．The waiters manager of the res－taurant may come out and ask them to be quiet．
点拨：
通过浏览全文已对文章或段落大意有所了解，再细读文后表格的考查之处，明确表格要求及所要填的内容，做到心中有数，有的放矢。随后复读短文，由于是带着问题去读，便可格外留意与问题有关的信息点，有利于捕捉有效信息，排除无用信息，从而提高答题速度和填写表格的准确率。
1.文章的开头通常是本文的主要内容，也可根据全文内容概括。答案为：Eating Habits。
2.第一段的“saying”中可找到答案。答案为：Eat good things。
3.答案在第二段。答案为：Eat a small lunch。
4.同第2题。答案为：Eat less。
5.从最后一段第二行可直接找到答案。答案为：Like to talk and laugh。
误区警示
不要在难题上花过多的时间。因为花了时间可能还是做不出，反而挤占了做后面题目的时间；相反，如果我们把难题先搁一下，在后面的题目完成之后，对文章的理解就会更全面，难题这时就会变得容易了。
决胜2008年
带着问题复读，可缩小复读的范围，更便于捕捉关键信息。复读时尽量抓住可能提供重要线索的细节，关注与表格中问题有关的某些关键词、句以及有价值的数据，注意分析和把握作者的基本态度。复读时可边读边用铅笔做标记，把与表格问题有关的信息分类画出来。然后归类总结，看与表格所需信息是否相对。
破关训练
一、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。
Lifelong learning(终身学习)
In the past．when students graduated from col－lege and got jobs，only some of them went on withtheir study．But today，lifelong learning is becomingmore and more common(常见的)．
Lucy，who is forty，teaches physics at a college inBoston．“Next term，I’lI teach some of my classes byusing the Internet．This is the way 0f teaching that Ihave never used before，”says Lucy．“These days．Iam taking a class to learn how to teach in this way．Ifnot，1 will lose my job．”At the same time，Lucy’sseventy-year-old parents，who live in New York。aretaking an art history class online．“We love this sub－ject，”says her father，“and we learn it to enjoy our－selves．You see we can study with people a11 over theworld．What fun it is to learn like this !”
二、假如你将要前往英国。以下是为你提供的一些信息。请仔细阅读短文．根据短文内容填写表格。每空词数不限。
I’ve got some information for everyone going t0Britain next month．As you know。you’U be stayingwith a family for two weeks．Now。the most importantthing is money．You should take about￡30 in cash(现金)and about￡200 in traveler cheques(支票)．Then，when you arrive at the airport you’ll be met by yourhost(主人，东道主)family．You must remember towear a red shirt so that the familv will find youeasily．I’ve told them t0 look out for the redshirts．You’11 also need t0 take with you 4 photos ofyourself and，of course。it’s very important that youtake the school letter．While you’re there．if you haveany problems，you can call the agent(代理人)．I’llgive you her office phone number now：it’s 5804436 and the person to ask for is Mrs Belcher。that’sB－E－L－C－H－E－R，She’s in the office from9：OO一17：00 every day．OK!That’s every－thing．Have a good trip!
Going to Britain
三、阅读下面四则广告，完成广告后的A、B两项任务。
请把下列所给的四个俱乐部的名称分别填入上面广告中的空白处。
从上述每则广告中，抄出一个你能确定俱乐部名称的关键词(组)。 5.EnglishClub___________________________________
6.Football Club___________________________________
7.Dance Club___________________________________
8.Climbing Club___________________________________
四、阅读短文内容完成表格。每空一词。
I have always loved cars．After graduating fromcollege，I got one，which I regarded as my favouritefriend．I called it Victor．For the next three years．eve－rything I did was connected with(与……有关)Vic－tot,I lived a happy life．But because 0f money prob—lems，I had to sell Victor．Then my life brokedown．Without Victor。1 was like a fish out of wa－ter,Three months later。with the encouragement ofmy friends．I decided to start a new life．I tried andmade it．Everything went well again．Losing my carmade me grow up．I have learned that life won’t al－ways go our way，but we can choose to be positive(积极的)and make the best of it．
第五节 阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当的词
名师导航
该题型通常是一篇短文，在句子或短文中均留有若干空格，要求考生在每个空格上填一个词。该题型的特点有两种，一是在短文后给出一篇经改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，填词使句子或短文所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。第二种是将一篇文章的一些词“挖空”，要求考生根据语篇在空格上填入适当的词语，使短文表达的意思完整。有些题还会给出首字母。
这类试题在阅读理解基础上加进了词汇和语法的考查成分，考生在填词时既要选对词意，又不能用错词形，对大多数考生来说该题型难度较大，失分颇多。
短文填空题的一般解题思路是：
1.阅读原文。把握信息，理解语境。先认真阅读所给的短文，准确把握文中提供的信息，搞清段落大意及文章的中心思想，正确理解语境。
2.根据语境，先定词义，后定词形。在正确理解原短文意思的基础上，再细读试题所给的经改写或缩写后留有空格的句子或短文，认真理解每个句子的含义后，寻读原文中与之相关内容的句子或语段，并进行比较分析，先确定空格处所填词语的意义，再从语法角度确定其正确词形。
3.审读全文，上下参照，逐一验证。完成所填的词以后，再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，语法结构是否正确，如有不符，则应重新核查修正。
名题精析
(2007重庆市)根据下列短文内容，在短文后的空格处填上恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Andy was born in China 15 years ago．In 2005，she1_______to the USA with her family．As a high school student．she has found many differences2_______ Chinese and Americans：
About money
(1)Americans like to spend3_______than theyhave，so many of them are always in debt(欠债)．But Chinese usually spend less than they have．so many 0fthem always have4_______left in the bane．
(2)The American kids themselves make their own money．Most Chinese kids always5_______their parents for money．
(3)Many American parents think there is6_______need to send their children to an expensive university．It’s different in China．Many Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to expensive uni－versifies7_______their family isn’t rich enough
About school
(1)Many American girls take part in sports，dancing and singing groups while many Chinese girlstake part in study groups．
(2)Many American students think that B is good while many Chinese students think that B is too8_______．
About friends
Most American parents let their sons or daugh－ters make friends by9_______．They never ask them a。bout their friends while Chinese parents usually enjoy knowing more about their children。friends10_______ many different ways，and usually stop them from staying OUt too late with friends．
点拨：
1.考查词组go to“去”或get to“到”。答案为：went／got。
2.考查习惯搭配between…and…答案为：be－ tweeno
3.答案由后一句“so many of them are always in debt”和后面的反义词“less”可推断出。答案为：more。
4.答案由上一句“spend less than they have”和后面的“in the bank”可推断出。答案为：money。
5.考查习惯搭配ask for“问(某人)……”。答案为：ask。
6.考查句型“There is no need to…”。由本段的后面内容可得出答案。答案为：no。
7.这句前后有转折关系。答案为：though／al－though。
8.“While”表明此句前后是转折关系，因此该空填的应是good的反义词。答案为：bad／terrible。
9.考查词组by oneself“独自”。答案为：them－selves。
10.考查习惯搭配in different ways“以不同的方式”。答案为：in。
误区警示
所填的词必须首先符合语义适用原则，所以不能看一空就填一空，那样所填的词可能符合本句的词义要求，但未必符合全文的大意。因此要纵观全文，围绕中心意思，全盘综合考虑来确定词义。
决胜2008年
本题所填的词必须符合语法正确的原则。因此，除了词汇要过关外，还必须多做词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态方面的练习。然后在此基础上做这类阅读理解题型的专项训练。
破关训练
一、阅读短文。掌握其大意。根据短文内容和所给首字母。在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。
In most countries of the world．there is one medi－cine called aspirin．N_______(1)everyone takesit．Pedple take it when they have an ache or a pain．and s_______(2)when they have a fever(发烧)．Doctorsb_______(3)it can also help people who have heart disease and some other diseases，too．Some people，however．cannot take aspirin．It must never be givento c_______ (4)under 12 years old．Before aspirin wasi_______(5)，some people made a drink with the bark(树皮)of the white willow(柳树)．This drink madetheir pains and fever go away，but no one kneww_______(6)it helped．Then in the 1830s，scientistsin EnglandS_______(7)allthethingsthatwereinthe bark of the white willow．They found out what in the plantS_______(8)pain．Soon people were making medicine with this pain-stopping thing and sellingit．Later scientists found out how to make aspirinW_______(9_)using any plants at a11．Aspirin was firstS_______(10)in 1899 by the Bayer Company of Get－many．
二、阅读对话，根据对话内容完成对话后的短文．每空一词。
Sally：I saw you this morning and called you，but you
didn’t answer me．
Peter：Yes?Where?
Sally：At the No．523 bus stop．
Peter：Oh，sorry．I didn’t hear．I hurried to get on a
bus．
Sally：What happened?
Peter：Fred was in hospital and I went to see him．
Sally：Oh，I’m sorry tO hear that．What’s the matter?
Peter：A truck hit him last Friday and his leg was
broken．
Sally：Oh，bad luck!He’s tOO careless，I think．
Peter：So he is．But it wasn’t his fault this time．
Sally：But why?
Peter：Two children ranafter eachother．mthe street．They
didn’t see the truck coming．Fred warned them
but they didn’t hear him．In the time 0f danger
he pulled one of them’away and he was hurt．
Sally：How brave he was!Didn’t the driver see him?
Peter：Yes，he did．But he drove fast and his truck
couldn’t stop in time．
Sally：When are you going to see him next?
Peter：On next Tuesday afternoon．
sally：Do remember to call me before you leave．I’ll
go to see himwith you．
Fred was a(1)_______boy，but he did a goodthing last Friday．Two children ran after each other inthe street(2)_______a truck e~rne towards themquickly．Fred saw it and told them to(3)_______it，but they didn’t hear him．The driver tried tO stop his