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Objective To explore the potencial relationship between hysteroscopic findings,and the concentrationa of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in uterine flushing as well as the expression of LIF in the endometriumMethods Hysteroscopy was carried out among 64 infertile female patients and uterine flushing was collected for LIF assay in the mid-secretory phase. All subjects were classified according to the appearance of the glandular openings and the blood vessels on the endometrium surface into Group I and Group II. An ELISA kit specific for human LIF was used for LIF assay.Results The median LIF concentrations measured in Group I and Group II were 14.375±15.155 pg/mL and 61.696±44.127 pg/mL. The difference of LIF concentration was statistically significant (P