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1967年四氢硼酸四乙基季铵盐的热解研究导致了合成闭多面体硼氢阴离子B_(10)H_(10)~(2-)新法的发现[1],这一反应在机理上被认为是由季铵阳离子Et_4N~+和四氢硼酸根阴离子BH_4~-之间的首步氧化还原作用,经由多面体碎片离子的生成,最后导致闭多面体阴离子的生成[2]。季铵阳离子的结构对这一反应过程有重要影响。但考查四氢硼酸单苄基季铵盐的热解则主要表现为四氢硼酸阴离子和季铵阳离子间的氧化还原作用,即从季铵阳离子上消去苄基,生成甲苯和叔胺合甲硼烷,得不到闭多面体硼氢阴离子。反应过程如下式所示:
The thermolysis of tetraethylammonium tetrahydroborate in 1967 led to the discovery of a new method for the synthesis of a polyhedral B (10) H_ (10) ~ (2-) polyhedron [1] It is believed that the initial redox reaction between the quaternary ammonium cation Et 4 N + and the tetrahydroborate anion BH 4+ leads to the formation of closed polyhedral anions through the formation of polyhedral fragment ions [2]. The structure of the quaternary ammonium cation has an important influence on this reaction process. However, examination of the pyrolysis of monobenzyltetrahydropalmonium tetrahydrate mainly showed the redox reaction between the tetrahydroborate anions and the quaternary ammonium cations, that is, the elimination of benzyl groups from the quaternary ammonium cations to form toluene and tertiary amine with boron Alkane, can not get closed polyhedral borohydride anion. The reaction process is shown below: