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目的开展农村地区中老年男性健康现状调查,为中老年男性保健服务模式提供数据支持。方法于2014年12月~2015年11月期间采用整群抽样方法在广州市南沙区6个农村开展了中老年男性健康现状调查及普查,选取40~79岁中老年男性1134人,签署知情同意书,开展健康问卷调查、健康体检。结果 (1)40~79岁中老年男性中吸烟、饮酒、高嘌呤饮食人群比例较高,健康意识较差,缺乏对自我健康状况的正确评价及认识。(2)当地中老年男性中肥胖症、高血压、高三酰甘油、高胆固醇、高尿酸血症、疑似和确诊糖尿病比例均较国内报道水平高,分别为12.88%(按BMI标准)、40.79%、22.65%、73.98%、43.19%、11.15%。(3)前列腺钙化灶检出率、良性前列腺增生(BPH)、PSA筛查阳性率分别为26.31%、14.20%、5.06%,随着年龄增加的特征与国内外报道一致,但也具有地区特征。结论针对严重危害男性中老年健康的常见病、慢性病、具有地区特征的高发疾病,通过问卷和常规普查,可以为今后开展健康教育及制订中老年男性保健相关服务措施提供循证医学依据。
Objective To investigate the health status of middle-aged and old men in rural areas and provide data support for the service model of middle-aged and elderly men. Methods From December 2014 to November 2015, a cluster sampling method was used to investigate and survey the health status of middle-aged and old men in 6 rural areas of Nansha District, Guangzhou City. 1134 middle-aged and aged men aged from 40 to 79 were selected and informed consent Book, carry out health questionnaire, physical examination. Results (1) Middle-aged men and 40-79 years old smoking, drinking, high-purine diet, a higher proportion of people, poor health awareness, lack of proper evaluation of self-health status and understanding. (2) The prevalence of obesity, hypertension, triglyceride, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, suspected and confirmed diabetes among local middle-aged men were higher than those reported in China, 12.88% (according to BMI), 40.79% , 22.65%, 73.98%, 43.19%, 11.15%. (3) The positive rates of prostate calcification, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PSA screening were 26.31%, 14.20% and 5.06% respectively. The characteristics of age, with the increase of age, were consistent with the reports at home and abroad, but also with regional characteristics . Conclusion According to questionnaires and routine surveys, we can provide evidence-based medical evidences for future health education and the development of middle-aged and elderly male health-related service measures, in view of the common diseases, chronic diseases and endemic diseases that seriously endanger the health of middle-aged men.