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对283名4-9岁的早产儿进行体格发有追踪调查，并随机选择283名足月正常体重儿做对照。结果显示：6岁前早产儿身高、体重、头围明显低于足月地统计学存在显著差异（P＜0.05），7岁后身高、体重逐渐接近正常儿,但头团仍低于足月儿（P＜0.01）。影响早产儿体格发育因素作多元逐步回归表明：新生儿住院时间、出生孕周、体重、孕期营养、生后喂养方式、新生儿期症病、家庭经济收入、父母受教育年限为主要危险因素。根据本次研究结果我们提出：（1）提高孕妇保健知识，加强孕期营养，防止早产。（2）在NICU病房实行母婴同室，尽早开始母乳喂养，减少新生儿期疾病，缩短住院时间。（3）出院后对极低体重儿增加体检次数，发现问题及时采取相应措施，使早产儿生长潜力充分发挥出来。
A total of 283 preterm infants aged 4-9 years were followed up and 282 normal full-term infants were randomly selected as controls. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the height, weight and head circumference of premature children before 6 years of age when compared with the full moon. The height and weight gradually approached normal after 7 years old, Children (P <0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression of physical development factors affecting preterm infants showed that: neonatal hospital length of stay, gestational age, weight, nutrition during pregnancy, postnatal feeding, neonatal disease, family income, parental years of education as the main risk factors. According to the results of this study we propose: (1) to improve the health care of pregnant women, strengthen nutrition during pregnancy, prevent premature birth. (2) In the NICU ward to practice maternal and infant room, start breastfeeding as soon as possible, reduce neonatal disease, shorten the hospital stay. (3) after discharge from the hospital to increase the number of physical examination of children with very low birth weight, identify the problem promptly take appropriate measures so that the growth potential of premature children give full play.