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以陕西省兴平市为例,采用2009年测土配方施肥项目数据,运用地统计学和Fuzzy综合评判法结合GIS技术,建立最优半方差函数模型,进行插值分析,研究关中盆地农田土壤肥力特征及其空间分布规律,对县域农田利用与管理具有积极意义。结果表明:在间距为500 m的采样尺度下,兴平市农田土壤肥力的最优半方差理论模型为球状模型,具有各向异性特征,表现为弱的空间相关性,其空间变异主要受施肥、耕作管理等人为因素影响。土壤肥力水平在地域上呈现出较明显的中间高四周低格局,总体肥力水平较高;而受土壤有机质和碱解氮缺乏的影响,低肥区农田集中分布在渭河沿岸的田阜镇和阜寨镇,需积极采取有效措施提高土壤有机质和氮素水平,进一步改善土壤质地。
Taking Xingping City in Shaanxi Province as an example, the optimal semi-variance function model was established by using geostatistics and Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combined with GIS technology in the project of soil testing and fertilization in 2009 and interpolation analysis was carried out to study the characteristics of farmland soil fertility in Guanzhong Basin And its spatial distribution, have positive significance to the utilization and management of farmland in county. The results showed that the optimal semi-variance theoretical model of farmland soil fertility in Xingping was a spherical model with anisotropy characteristics and showed weak spatial correlation at a sampling scale of 500 m. The spatial variability was mainly affected by fertilization, Tillage management and other human factors. The soil fertility level showed a more obvious pattern of low mid-high altitude and high surrounding in the region, and the overall fertility level was higher. However, due to the effects of soil organic matter and alkali-deficient nitrogen, the low-fertility farmland was concentrated in Tianfu Town and Fu Zhaizhen, take active and effective measures to improve soil organic matter and nitrogen levels, to further improve the soil texture.