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可以用思维研究思维,一般以为是人类的特点,但思维并不是天然的认识对象。早期希腊哲学家的认识目光对准外在自然,所关心的问题是:自然的本质是什么?巴门尼德通过研究达到存在的途径,提出:我们凭什么把握自然的本质?通过前一问题向后一问题的转换,把哲学对外在自然的探讨变成对内在思维的探讨,使思维从与自然浑然一体的状态中脱离出来,成为单独的认识对象。本文描述思维成为单独认识对象的过程,论证巴门尼德在这一过程中的作用和贡献,以期在源头上对西方哲学重分析的传统作出疏理。
Thinking can be used to study thinking, is generally considered a human characteristic, but thinking is not a natural object of understanding. Early Greek philosophers’ eyes were focused on external nature. The questions they asked were: What is the nature of nature? Parmenides, by studying ways of reaching existence, put forward: Why do we grasp the essence of nature? By the previous question The conversion of the latter problem turns the exploration of philosophy’s external nature into the exploration of inner thinking, which separates thinking from nature and becomes a separate object of cognition. This article describes the process by which thinking becomes a separate object of understanding and expounds Parmenides’ role and contribution in this process with a view to amending the tradition of Western philosophical reanalysis at the source.