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在20世纪80年代以前,垂直一体化是国际制造业的主要运作方式,而在经济全球化时代,生产性服务业与制造业的高度分离,生产性服务业独立发展,低端制造业普遍实行外包,是全球制造业发展的主要方向。传统企业过度垂直一体化,不仅导致管理规模不经济,不利于企业研发创新和精益化生产,甚至可能引发企业竞争战略的重大失误。生产性服务业与制造业的分离,不仅有利于企业发挥比较优势,实现企业的战略转型,而且导致了以生产性服务为主体的现代服务业的兴起。鼓励制造企业大力发展生产性服务,还有利于企业实施低成本战略和差别化战略,重塑企业的核心竞争力。
Before the 1980s, vertical integration was the main mode of operation of the international manufacturing industry. In the era of economic globalization, productive service industry and manufacturing industry were highly separated, productive service industry developed independently, and low-end manufacturing industry was generally practiced Outsourcing is the main direction of the global manufacturing industry. The excessive vertical integration of traditional enterprises not only leads to uneconomical management, is not conducive to R & D innovation and lean production, and may even lead to major mistakes in corporate competitive strategies. The separation of producer service from manufacturing industry not only helps enterprises exert their comparative advantages and realize the strategic transformation of enterprises, but also leads to the rise of modern service industry with producer services as their mainstay. Encourage manufacturers to develop productive services, but also help companies implement low-cost strategy and differentiation strategy, reshape the core competitiveness of enterprises.