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[目的]研究安徽省芜湖县设施栽培番茄的合理施肥量。[方法]采用田间试验,研究不施肥(CK)、PK、100%N+P、100%N+K、70%N+PK、100%N+PK、130%N+PK和200%N+PK 8个不同施肥处理对番茄产量、经济效益和品质的影响。[结果]CK的番茄产量和经济效益最低,氮、磷、钾肥二者或三者配施均能提高番茄产量和经济效益。氮、磷、钾肥对番茄的增产效果不同,增产率和增产贡献率从大到小依次为N、K、P,而单位养分增产量从大到小依次为P、N、K。在一定用量范围内,随着氮肥用量的提高,番茄产量和经济效益逐步提高,氮肥用量过高,番茄产量、经济效益反而下降。PK处理番茄VC含量最低,氮与磷或钾肥配施均可提高VC含量,但氮肥用量过高,VC含量反而下降;增施钾肥可以提高番茄可溶性糖含量。[结论]在兼顾经济效益、番茄品质及环境效益的情况下,在番茄设施栽培中,合理的氮、磷、钾肥用量为N 375.0 kg/hm~2、P_2O_5 180.0 kg/hm~2、K_2O 375.0 kg/hm~2。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the reasonable fertilization amount of tomato cultivated in Wuhu County, Anhui Province. [Method] Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of no fertilization (CK), PK, 100% N + P, 100% N + K, 70% N + PK, 100% N + PK, 130% N + PK and 200% N + Effect of 8 Different Fertilizer Treatments on Yield, Economic Benefit and Quality of. [Result] CK had the lowest tomato yield and economic benefit. The combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers could increase tomato yield and economic benefits. The effects of N, P and K fertilizers on yield of tomato were different, and the increasing yield and the contribution rate of increasing yield were N, K and P in descending order, and P, N and K in descending order of yield. Within a certain range of dosage, the yield and economic efficiency of tomato gradually increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer dosage. The excessive nitrogen fertilizer led to the drop of tomato yield and economic benefits. The content of VC in tomato treated with PK was the lowest, and the content of VC was increased with the combination of nitrogen and phosphorus or potassium fertilizer. However, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was too high and the VC content was decreased. Increasing potassium fertilizer could increase the soluble sugar content of tomato. [Conclusion] The reasonable N, P and K fertilizers in tomato plantations were N 375.0 kg / hm ~ 2, P2O5 180.0 kg / hm ~ 2 and K_2O 375.0 both in terms of economic benefits, tomato quality and environmental benefits kg / hm ~ 2.