1897年11月,德国以巨野教案为借口侵占了胶州湾地区。根据国际法,德国从出兵胶州湾到以条约的形式确认它在山东特权的每一个步骤均违背了国际惯例,构成了对中国的武装侵略。在这一过程中,清政府各级官员曾依据有限的国际法知识进行过一些外交斗争,但由于他们对国际法从认识到运用都存在一些误区,加之中德双方强弱对比的悬殊和德帝国主义的骄横,以及晚清最高统治集团的软弱,最终导致了胶州湾的沦丧。这也说明在国力过于弱小,独立主权大量丧失的情况下,国际公法发挥不了应有的作用。 November 1897, Germany Juye lesson plans as an excuse to occupy the Jiaozhou Bay area. According to international law, Germany, from its dispatch of troops to Jiaozhou Bay to its treaty form, confirmed that it violated international practice at every step of the Shandong franchise and constituted an armed invasion of China. During this process, the Qing government officials at various levels conducted some diplomatic struggles based on the limited knowledge of international law. However, due to some misunderstandings about their understanding of the application of international law, combined with the disparity in strength between the two countries and the German imperialism And the weakness of the supreme ruling clique in the late Qing dynasty eventually led to the loss of Jiaozhou Bay. This also shows that public international law can not play its due role in the event of a too weak national strength and a large loss of independent sovereignty.