自1973年石油输出国组织(OPEC)实施石油禁运以来,历届美国政府都高度重视能源安全问题,将追求能源独立作为其能源政策的最重要目标。为追求能源独立,美国除了政策支持以外,还注重发挥市场机制的积极作用,对外推动国际合作,对内根据资源禀赋选择适合自身的主力能源。虽然我国与美国在社会经济发展、能源资源和环境等国情上存在较大差异性,但美国能源独立战 Since the oil export embargo was implemented by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1973, all previous U.S. governments have attached great importance to energy security and will regard the pursuit of energy independence as their most important goal in energy policy. In pursuit of energy independence, the United States, in addition to its policy support, has also placed emphasis on giving play to the positive role of the market mechanism in promoting international cooperation to the outside world and selecting the main energy sources that fit its own needs based on its resource endowments. Although China and the United States have great differences in national conditions such as social and economic development, energy resources and environment, the United States independence war of energy