[目的]探讨非霍奇金淋巴瘤CHOP方案失败后采用利妥昔单抗联合化疗的临床效果。[方法]选取CHOP方案治疗失败的非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者78例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组患者39例。对照组患者改用二线ICE方案治疗,第1~3天静脉注射依托泊苷(VP-16)100mg/m~2,第2天静脉注射异环磷酰胺(IFO)5g/m~2和卡铂(CBP)按曲线下面积(AUC)=5,max=800mg,每隔3周重复上述疗程。观察组给予利妥昔单抗联合化疗,第1天静脉注射利妥昔单抗375mg/m~2,第2天静脉注射环磷酰胺600mg/m~2、表阿霉素70mg/m~2和长春新碱1.4mg/m~2,第1~5天口服强的松40mg/m~2,每隔3周重复上述疗程,两组均给予6个疗程,对比治疗后安全性以及临床疗效。[结果 ]观察组治疗后总有效率92.32%,明显高于对照组(66.67%),两组比较有显著统计学差异(χ~2=7.86,P<0.01);观察组治疗后生存时间超过30个月患者占82.05%,对照组仅为43.59%,两组比较有显著统计学差异(χ~2=7.99,P<0.01);观察组不良反应Ⅰ级程度4例,Ⅱ级2例,Ⅲ和Ⅳ级均为0例,对照组Ⅰ级程度9例,Ⅱ级16例,Ⅲ和Ⅳ级分别为7例和8例,两组比较有统计学差异(Z=2.23,P<0.05)。[结论 ]非霍奇金淋巴瘤CHOP方案失败后采用利妥昔单抗联合化疗能够有效提高患者生存率,在提高临床疗效的同时不良反应发生率明显减少。 [Objective] To investigate the clinical effect of rituximab combined with chemotherapy after the failure of CHOP regimen in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. [Methods] Seventy-eight non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients who failed CHOP regimen were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 39 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with second-line ICE regimen. Etoposide (VP-16) 100 mg / m ~ 2 was intravenously injected from day 1 to day 3 and IFO 5g / m ~ 2 Platinum (CBP) The area under the curve (AUC) = 5, max = 800mg, every 3 weeks to repeat the course of treatment. The patients in the observation group were given rituximab combined with chemotherapy. Rituximab 375 mg / m ~ 2 was intravenously injected on the first day. Cyclophosphamide 600 mg / m ~ 2 on the second day and epirubicin 70 mg / m ~ 2 And vincristine 1.4mg / m ~ 2, 1 to 5 days oral prednisone 40mg / m ~ 2, repeat the course of treatment every 3 weeks, both groups were given 6 courses of treatment, the safety of the treatment and clinical efficacy . [Results] The total effective rate of the observation group after treatment was 92.32%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (66.67%). There was significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 7.86, P <0.01) 30 months patients accounted for 82.05%, the control group was only 43.59%, there was significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 7.99, P <0.01); adverse reactions in the observation group Ⅰ grade 4 cases, Ⅱ grade 2 cases, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 0 cases in the control group, 9 cases were grade Ⅰ, 16 cases were grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 7 cases and 8 cases, the two groups were statistically significant (Z = 2.23, P <0.05) . [Conclusion] The combination of rituximab and chemotherapy after failure of CHOP regimen in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma can effectively improve the survival rate of patients and improve the clinical efficacy, meanwhile, the incidence of adverse reactions is significantly reduced.