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为给滨海盐土快速脱盐改造提供参考依据,以工农业废弃物秸秆、牛粪、脱硫石膏、醋渣为调控材料,研究不同组合下滨海盐土快速脱盐效果。结果表明,4种组合与对照相比,均可显著降低土壤容重,提高土壤孔隙度,增加土壤渗透性,其中T4(牛粪+醋渣)综合效果最好,与对照相比,土壤容重降低37.93%,土壤孔隙度提高12.37个百分点;各处理0~60 cm土层平均含盐量高低顺序为T1(秸秆+脱硫石膏)>CK(对照)>T2(牛粪+脱硫石膏)>T3(秸秆+醋渣)>T4(牛粪+醋渣),T1、T2、T3、T4与CK相比分别降低-123.9%,2.23%,30.45%,39.77%;各处理p H值与CK相比均显著下降,由高到低的顺序为CK>T3>T4>T2>T1,T1、T2、T3、T4与CK相比分别降低0.71,0.50,0.35,0.39个单位;各处理土壤CO_3~(2-)、HCO_3~-含量均明显下降,脱硫石膏处理还能增加土壤SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)含量。综上所述,在改善土壤物理结构、降低土壤盐分方面,牛粪效果明显好于秸秆,醋渣明显好于脱硫石膏;在抑制土壤脱盐碱化方面,脱硫石膏明显好于醋渣,但脱硫石膏容易增加土体总体含盐量。因此,推荐滨海盐土低成本快速脱盐方式为“牛粪+醋渣”。
In order to provide a reference for the rapid desalination of saline soil in coastal areas, straw, cow dung, gypsum desulphurization and vinegar residue were used as control materials to study the rapid desalination effect of coastal saline soil under different combinations. The results showed that compared with the control, the four combinations could significantly reduce soil bulk density, increase soil porosity and increase soil permeability. Among them, T4 (cow dung + vinegar residue) had the best comprehensive effect, compared with the control, soil bulk density decreased 37.93% and the soil porosity increased by 12.37%. The average salinity levels of 0-60 cm soil layer in each treatment were T1 (straw + desulfurized gypsum)> CK (control)> T2 (cow dung + gypsum)> T3 Straw + vinegar residue> T4 (cow dung + vinegar residue), respectively. Compared with CK, T1, T2, T3 and T4 decreased by -123.9%, 2.23%, 30.45% and 39.77% (P> 0.05). The order of CK> T3> T4> T2> T1, T1, T2, T3 and T4 decreased by 0.71,0.50,0.35 and 0.39 units compared with CK. 2 -) and HCO 3 ~ - decreased obviously. The desulfurized gypsum treatment also increased SO 4 2-, Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ contents. In summary, in the improvement of soil physical structure, reduce soil salinity, cow dung effect was significantly better than straw, vinegar residue was significantly better than gypsum; in inhibiting soil desalination and gypsum, gypsum was significantly better than vinegar residue, but the desulfurization Gypsum easily increase the overall soil salt content. Therefore, it is recommended that the low cost and fast desalination of coastal saline soil be “cow dung + vinegar residue”.