目的　检测听源性惊厥单次发作及惊厥点燃发作后 ,易感大鼠海马结构内是否出现神经细胞死亡现象 ,并对细胞死亡的相关机制进行初步分析。　方法　建立听源性惊厥点燃模型 ,以HE染色和免疫细胞化学染色方法 ,检测单次发作大鼠和点燃发作大鼠海马结构内死亡细胞的分布 ,以及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl 2和Bax的表达情况。　结果　听源性惊厥单次发作后 ,海马内未见明显细胞死亡现象 ;点燃后 ,海马CA1 、CA2 、CA4 区锥体细胞层及齿状回颗粒细胞层出现大量核固缩、胞浆嗜酸性变的死亡神经元 ;点燃组海马CA2 区及CA4 区内Bax免疫阳性产物校正光密度 (CA)值较对照组显著增高。　结论　听源性惊厥点燃可诱导海马结构大量神经元死亡 ,凋亡可能是细胞死亡的形式之一 Objective To detect whether neuronal cell death occurs in the hippocampal formation of susceptible rats after a single episode of auditory convulsion and the onset of convulsion, and the primary mechanisms of cell death are analyzed. Methods The model of auditory convulsion was established. HE staining and immunocytochemical staining were used to detect the distribution of apoptotic cells in hippocampal formation and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampal formation of single-episode rats and ignition-induced rats . Results No significant cell death was found in the hippocampus after a single episode of auditory convulsion. After being ignited, a large amount of nuclear pyknosis and cytoplasmic eosinophilia appeared in the pyramidal cell layers and the dentate gyrus granular cells in hippocampal CA1, CA2 and CA4 regions Compared with control group, the corrected optical density (CA) value of Bax immunoreactive products in hippocampal CA2 and CA4 areas of hippocampus was significantly higher than that of control group. Conclusion Auditory convulsion can induce a large number of neuronal deaths in the hippocampus. Apoptosis may be one of the forms of cell death