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育难产是一种少见的产时并发症。多见于第二产程延长时的中位产钳助娩或胎头吸引。肩难产的发生与巨大儿肩宽厚者密切相关,据报导2,500g以上的胎儿肩难产的发病率为0.3%,如胎儿体重达4,500g,其发病率上升至10%。肥胖孕妇、糖尿病患者、多产妇、过期妊娠和既往有巨大儿分娩史者是发生肩难产的警戒信号。对肩难产的处理如不及时或不当可发生严重的母婴并发症,新生儿的发病率可达42%。肩难产的处理应视McRoberts手法为首选方法,如失败,后肩娩出法常可奏效。
Fertility is a rare birth-time complication. More common in the second stage of labor extension of midline forceps delivery or fetal head to attract. The incidence of shoulder dystocia is closely related to the huge shoulder width, the incidence of dystocia of 2,500g or more is reported to be 0.3%, such as fetal weight of 4,500g, the incidence rose to 10%. Obese pregnant women, diabetic patients, maternal, overdue pregnancy and previous history of huge childbirth is a warning signal of shoulder dystocia. The treatment of shoulder dystocia if not timely or improper serious maternal and child complications can occur, the incidence of neonatal up to 42%. The treatment of shoulder dystocia should be treated as the preferred method of McRoberts technique, such as failure, the method of delivery after the shoulder can be effective.