水位观测中,直立式水尺是使用最普遍的一种水尺,它具有:结构简单,观测方便、造价低廉等优点。但由于固定设置于河床上,其最大的缺点是:经受不住较大洪水中漂浮物或石块沿河床滚动的冲撞。秦安水文站1967年以前是使用木桩固定直立式水尺,每年汛期被洪水冲失的水尺少则几支,多则几十支,造成很大的损失。从1967年起,将这种水尺改进为直立式活动水尺,经17年的使用,在河槽内的五支水尺一支也未冲失,水尺零点高程均未发生变动。实 Water level observation, the vertical water meter is the most commonly used water gauge, which has: the structure is simple, easy observation, low cost and so on. However, due to the fixed arrangement in the riverbed, the biggest drawback is that it can not withstand the impact of floating debris or stones rolling along the riverbed in larger floods. Before Qinan Hydrological Station was used to fix the upright water gauge before 1967, the annual water loss caused by the flood in flood season varied from a few to several, as many as several dozens, resulting in great losses. Since 1967, this water meter has been upgraded to a vertical water meter. After 17 years of use, no water meter has been dropped on one of the five water meters in the river channel. No changes have been made in the water level at zero elevation. real