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黏土颗粒在泥石流中的含量并不大,但却显著地影响着泥石流的启动。在室内通过筛分配成9种不同黏粒含量级配的土体,在自行设计的模型槽内以1.64 g/cm3(松散干密度),1.79、1.94 g/cm3(天然干密度)3种干密度堆成边坡模型,在雨强为85 mm/h下进行人工降雨试验,初步探讨了黏土颗粒含量对泥石流启动的影响,得到:黏粒含量在5%～18%时可以形成泥石流,其中黏粒含量10%时所需时间最短,低于5%或大于18%难以形成泥石流,黏粒含量具有临界性;填筑干密度越大,泥石流启动越困难,表现在启动时间长、深度浅、规模小、且填筑干密度不改变黏粒含量临界性;降雨条件下土体入渗率越高,泥石流越容易启动产流。通过试验的研究,可以深入揭示泥石流形成的内在机制,黏粒含量临界性为泥石流预测、预报提供了新思路。
Clay particles in the debris flow in the content is not large, but it significantly affected the start of debris flow. Nine kinds of soils with different clay contents were sieved and distributed in the house. Three kinds of soil samples with self-designed model tanks of 1.64 g / cm3 (loose dry density), 1.79 and 1.94 g / cm3 (natural dry density) Density pile into a slope model, the rainfall intensity of 85 mm / h under artificial rainfall test initially discussed the clay particle content on the start of debris flow, get: clay content of 5% to 18% can form debris flow, in which When the clay content is 10%, the time required is shortest. When the clay content is less than 5% or greater than 18%, it is difficult to form the debris flow and the clay content is critical. The larger the filling dry density, the more difficult the mud flow starts. , The scale is small, and the filling dry density does not change the criticality of clay content. The higher the soil infiltration rate under rainfall, the easier the debris flow to start the runoff. Through the experimental study, the inherent mechanism of debris flow formation can be revealed in depth. The criticality of clay content provides a new idea for the prediction and prediction of debris flow.