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芝麻细菌性青枯病是我国南方芝麻生产上的重要病害。调查研究表明,芝麻青枯病除前人报道的萎蔫、顶梢常有溃疡裂缝等典型症状外,还有植株畸形、茎秆表皮泡状突起、溃疡裂缝延伸至茎秆中下部、折断茎秆可见菌脓形成的透明细丝等症状。分离获得的病原菌菌株经菌体形态、菌落形态、培养性状、致病性、烟草过敏性反应及16S rRNA基因和16S～23S rRNA基因间区ITS序列测定,证实了芝麻青枯病是由青枯菌Ralstonia solanacearum引起。江西省15个县(市)的22个代表性菌株的生化变种鉴定显示,20株菌属于生化变种Ⅲ,占90.91%,2株属于生化变种Ⅳ,占9.09%。说明生化变种Ⅲ菌群是诱发芝麻青枯病流行的优势种群。
Sesame bacterial wilt is an important disease in sesame production in southern China. Investigation shows that the sesame wilt disease except for the previously reported wilting, the top tip often ulcer cracks and other typical symptoms, there are plant deformities, stalk epidermal bubble, ulcer cracks extending to the lower stem, broken stem Visible pus formation of transparent filaments and other symptoms. The isolates of pathogenic bacteria were confirmed by morphology, colony morphology, culture traits, pathogenicity, tobacco hypersensitivity reaction and 16S rRNA gene and 16S ~ 23S rRNA intergenic region ITS sequence. Caused by bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum. Identification of biochemical variants of 22 representative strains of 15 counties (or cities) in Jiangxi Province showed that 20 strains belonged to biochemical varieties Ⅲ, accounting for 90.91%, and 2 strains belonging to biochemical varieties Ⅳ, accounting for 9.09%. Explanations of biochemical varieties Ⅲ flora is the dominant species of sesame wilt.