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一、概述 X刀是指利用直线加速器的X射线进行立体定向放射外科治疗的系统。它通过直线加速器机架的旋转和治疗床角的变化,使受照射靶区始终受到高剂量的X射线,遭到摧毁。而靶区周围的正常组织收到最小程度的损伤。X刀实现立体定向放射外科手术治疗的第一步就是获得靶点的三维坐标值,即通过在体外建立稳定的三维参考系统,在放射影上测量体内靶点的三维坐标参数,并准确确定立体定向放射外科手术所要摧毁靶点大小及和周围正常关键组织空间位置关系。 目前,常用的立体定位方向主要有三种:(1)CT引导下的立体定向术;CT有其自身的坐标系,用于给出扫描层面的位置和任意扫描层面内任意一点的位置。前者用Z轴线位置表示,后者用X、Y轴线位置表示。这些均可由CT提供出病灶在图像上的三维坐标参数。CT
I. Overview An X-knife is a system for stereotactic radiosurgery using X-rays from a linear accelerator. Through the rotation of the linear accelerator frame and the change of the treatment bed angle, the irradiated target area is always exposed to high doses of X-rays and destroyed. Normal tissue around the target area received minimal damage. The first step in the realization of stereotactic radiosurgery with X-knife is to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the target, ie, to establish a stable three-dimensional reference system in vitro, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate parameters of the in-vivo target and to accurately determine the three-dimensional Directional radiosurgery destroys the target’s size and its spatial relationship with normal surrounding critical tissue. At present, there are mainly three kinds of commonly used stereotactic directions: (1) stereotactic surgery guided by CT; CT has its own coordinate system, which is used to give the position of the scan plane and the position of any point within any scan plane. The former is represented by the Z-axis position and the latter by the X-axis and Y-axis position. These can all be provided by CT with the three-dimensional coordinate parameters of the lesion on the image. CT