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本文研究广东省南雄紫色土含钾量、钾素供应和烟草吸钾的特性及其对烟草的产量和品质的影响,并以花岗岩形成的赤红壤作比较。于1984年进行盆栽试验,且辅以化学分析和适当的田间调查。试验结果表明:南雄紫色土含钾量属中等至丰富水平,矿物风化释钾较迅速。供钾和保钾能力较强。烟草吸收缓效钾量约占其吸钾量的1/3至1/2,缓效钾是烟草钾素营养的重要给源,应作为烟区土壤评价的一个重要指标。烟草植株含钾率在旺长期最高,而吸钾量则是成熟期>旺长期>伸根期,两者均随着施钾水平提高而增加。不施钾时,南雄紫色土的烟草产、质比赤红壤高;含钾丰富的紫色土施钾肥对烟草产量无明显影响,但利于烟草品质提高;含钾中等的紫色土施钾对提高烟草产、质有利。施少量钾肥的效果较好。施钾肥于赤红壤,可明显提高烟草产、质,施多量钾肥效果更佳。施钾肥宜在烟草的旺长初期。
In this paper, the characteristics of potassium content, K supply and K uptake of purple soil in Nanxiong of Guangdong Province were studied and their effects on yield and quality of tobacco were compared with that of the latter. Pot experiment was conducted in 1984, supplemented by chemical analysis and appropriate field investigation. The test results show that: Nanxiong purple soil potassium content is moderate to rich level, mineral weathering potassium release more rapidly. For potassium and potassium strong ability. Slow absorption of potassium accounts for about 1/3 to 1/2 of its potassium absorption. Slow potassium is an important source of tobacco potassium nutrition and should be used as an important index for tobacco soil evaluation. Tobacco plants had the highest potassium content in the long-term and the potassium uptake in the mature> vigorous> end-of-roots period, both of which increased with the increase of potassium application. When potassium was not applied, the yield and quality of Nanxiong purple soil were higher than that of red soil. Potash fertilizer on purple soil with rich potassium had no obvious effect on the yield of tobacco, but increased the quality of tobacco; Tobacco production, quality favorable. A small amount of potassium fertilizer is better. Potash fertilizer in red soil, tobacco production can be significantly improved, quality, application of potassium is better. Potassium fertilizer should be in the early Mongolian tobacco.