乙型肝炎病毒感染后,机体对病毒的清除能力以及感染后疾病的转归,在很大程度上取决于个体间基因组的差异。细胞因子在宿主抗病毒免疫应答中发挥着重要作用,而细胞因子基因多态性能够影响个体间细胞因子的表达和分泌,进而引发个体间对于乙型肝炎病毒感染免疫应答的差异,最终影响病毒感染后的结局。现对肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素10、白细胞介素6、γ干扰素和转化生长因子β1基因多态性与乙型肝炎病毒感染及预后的关系进行综述。 Hepatitis B virus infection, the body’s ability to clear the virus and prognosis of post-infection diseases, largely depends on the differences between the genomes of individuals. Cytokines play an important role in the host anti-viral immune response, and cytokine gene polymorphisms can affect the expression and secretion of cytokines among individuals, thereby triggering differences in the individual’s immune response to hepatitis B virus infection and ultimately affecting the virus Infected outcome. The relationship between the polymorphisms of TNF - α, IL - 10, IL - 6, IFN - γ and TGF - β1 with HBV infection and prognosis is reviewed.