科学技术是第一生产力,要把科技转化为商品,其第一步就是设计。设计是增加品 种、节能降耗、提高产品附加值、创优质产品为企业增加经济效益的基础。 设计是人类特有的能力,设计历史可追溯到人类发展史,但设计成为一门科学确只是近500年的事,而现代设计理论、方法的技术则不过半个世纪,应该说迄今尚未构成国际上认可的体系。设计学是由关于设计的科学技术知识构成的、独立的工程技术学科,它主要包括设计理论、设计方法学、设计技术与工具,设计自动化及设计专家系统。在当今发达的国家,现代设备受关注,如英国航空工业界从50年代起就倡导20％:80％的创优产品规律,实质上强调设计工作量约占产品过程劳动总量的20％,却能决定 Science and technology are the primary productive forces. The first step in transforming technology into commodities is design. Design is the basis for increasing the variety of products, saving energy and reducing consumption, increasing the added value of products, and creating high-quality products for enterprises to increase economic efficiency. Design is a unique human capability. The history of design can be traced back to the history of human development. However, designing it as a science is almost a matter of nearly 500 years. However, the modern design theory and method technology is only half a century old. It should be said that it has not yet formed an international one. On the approved system. Design science is an independent engineering technology discipline composed of scientific and technical knowledge about design. It mainly includes design theory, design methodology, design techniques and tools, and design automation and design expert systems. In today’s developed countries, modern equipment has attracted attention. For example, the British aviation industry has advocated 20% since the 1950s: 80% of the law of superior product quality, essentially emphasizing that the design workload accounts for about 20% of the total labor of the product process. It can be decided