目的　探讨儿童支原体(MP)肺炎各年龄组的发病情况及临床特点。方法　采用回顾性分析方法,对我院儿科收治的246例肺炎患儿的临床资料进行综合分析。结果　检测血清支原体抗体(MP IgM),MP感染发生率为23 17%,≤3岁为28 95%,3~5岁为15 71%,>5岁为20 97%,各年龄组MP感染的发生率不同,但差异无显著意义(χ2=4 49,P>0 05)。MP IgM阳性者57 例,其中≤3 岁33 例,占MP IgM阳性患儿的57 89%,3~5 岁11 例(19 30%),5 岁以下44 例(77.19%),>5 岁13 例(22.81%)。末梢血白细胞计数(WBC)大多数(68.42%)在正常范围内。胸部X线检查异常者15 例(26.32%)。红霉素治疗效果显著。结论　小儿MP感染率较高,是小儿肺炎的主要病原之一,以5 岁以内的儿童为主。儿童MP肺炎临床表现形式多样,MP IgM检测可早期、快速、特异的诊断MP感染。 Objective To investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of children with mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) in all age groups. Methods The retrospective analysis of 246 pediatric patients admitted to our hospital pediatric pneumonia clinical data were analyzed. Results The detection rate of MP IgM was 23 17% in MP patients, 28 95% in ≤ 3 years, 15 71% in 3 ~ 5 years and 20 97% in> 5 years old. MP infection in all age groups The incidence was different, but the difference was not significant (χ2 = 499, P> 0.05). 57 cases were MP IgM positive, of which 33 89 cases were ≤3 years old, accounting for 57 89% in MP IgM positive children, 11 cases (19 30%) in 3-5 years old, 44 cases (77.19%) under 5 years old and> 5 years old 13 cases (22.81%). The majority of peripheral blood leukocyte count (WBC) (68.42%) was within the normal range. Thorax X-ray abnormalities in 15 cases (26.32%). Erythromycin treatment effect is remarkable. Conclusion The prevalence of MP in children is high, and is one of the major pathogens in children with pneumonia. The majority of children are within 5 years of age. MP pneumonia in children with various clinical manifestations, MP IgM detection of early, rapid and specific diagnosis of MP infection.