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评价城市景观生态风险可以为城市景观管理和综合风险防范提供定量依据。针对城市景观生态风险在各尺度上相互关系不明确的问题,本研究选择深圳市6种代表性景观生态风险,采用通用水土流失方程、生境质量评价模型等方法计算各风险在像元、流域、街道办尺度上的相关性。结果表明:深圳市景观生态风险平均值与变异系数高值区分别位于城市西部、北部和东南部;土壤侵蚀风险与其他风险呈显著负相关(P<0.05),而城市热岛、生境受损、地表硬化、人群聚集风险之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05);景观多样性与风险的关联性随统计尺度增大而增强。景观连通性与景观生态风险正相关,这与一般认知有所差异,体现了城市景观格局的特殊性。不同尺度下风险关联的显著性发生改变,印证了多尺度综合风险防范的城市管理需求。
Evaluating the urban landscape ecological risk can provide a quantitative basis for the urban landscape management and comprehensive risk prevention. In view of the unclear relationship between urban landscape ecological risk at all scales, this study selected six representative landscape ecological risks in Shenzhen and adopted common soil and water loss equation and habitat quality evaluation model to calculate the risk of each landscape in pixel, Street scale standards on the relevance. The results showed that: the mean value of landscape ecological risk and the high value area of variation coefficient were respectively located in the west, north and southeast of the city; the risk of soil erosion was negatively correlated with other risks (P <0.05); while the urban heat island, habitat was damaged, There was a significant positive correlation between surface hardening and crowd risk (P <0.05). The correlation between landscape diversity and risk increased with the increase of statistical scales. Landscape connectivity is positively correlated with landscape ecological risk, which is different from general cognition and reflects the particularity of urban landscape pattern. The significance of risk correlation at different scales has changed, confirming the need of urban management for multi-scale comprehensive risk prevention.