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1 缘起 当今的药物治疗(学)是19世纪源起的化学、生理学和基础药理学发展和滋润的硕果。本世纪初,大部分药物是未知化学结构的植物药。随着时间的推移,人类在化学和生理学方面取得了长足的进步,但进入临床的新药极少。Mann列举了刊载于1864年首版英国药典上的“良药”(“best things”)名单。它们是洋地黄、鸦片、阿托品、吗啡、喹啉、乙醚、氯仿、硫酸亚铁、碘、碳酸氢钠和含维生素的一些物质。表1是某些药物被发现和首次用于治疗的时间。它展现了近200a来新药开发的加速过程。
1 The origin of today’s drug therapy (learning) is the nineteenth Century originated in chemistry, physiology and basic pharmacology development and moist fruit. The beginning of this century, most of the drugs are unknown chemical structure of plant medicine. With the passage of time, great advances have been made in chemistry and physiology, but very few new drugs enter the clinic. Mann cited the list of “best things” published in the first edition of the 1864 British Pharmacopoeia. They are digitalis, opium, atropine, morphine, quinoline, ether, chloroform, ferrous sulfate, iodine, sodium bicarbonate and some vitamins. Table 1 shows the time when certain drugs were discovered and first used for treatment. It shows the acceleration of new drug development in nearly 200 years.