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为寻求蔬菜花卉秸秆简单、有效的利用方法,减少滇池流域农业面源污染。通过堆肥试验研究了蔬菜花卉秸秆接种微生物菌剂农冠和微元后,在翻堆和不翻堆2种处理方式下,高温堆肥过程中温度、全氮(T-N)、水溶性NH_4~+-N和水溶性NO_3~--N含量随时间的变化规律。结果表明:不翻堆的3个处理由于缺氧,发酵速率低,短期内不易腐熟。翻堆处理中,纯物料对照样品升温过程缓慢,高温分解阶段持续时间短,T-N损失大,堆肥品质差;添加微生物菌剂农冠后,与纯物料对照相比,提前3天进入高温分解阶段,高温分解持续时间延长4天,T-N含量损失比对照低10.9%,水溶性NH_4~+-N比对照降低24.7%,水溶性NO_3~--N则比对照增加14.0%;添加微生物菌剂微元后,与纯物料对照相比,提前5天进入高温分解阶段,高温分解持续时间延长6天,T-N含量损失比对照低24.1%,水溶性NH_4~+-N比对照降低29.3%,水溶性NO_3~--N则比对照增加24.2%。接种微生物菌剂可促进水溶性NH_4~+-N向水溶性NO_3~--N转化,降低堆肥容重,其中添加微元综合效果更理想。在翻堆条件下接种微生物菌剂微元可加快蔬菜花卉秸秆堆肥化进程,提高堆肥产品品质,且方法简单易行,适合在全流域进行广泛推广。
In order to seek simple and effective utilization of vegetable flower straw, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution in Dianchi Lake Basin. Through composting experiments, the effects of temperature, total nitrogen (TN), water - soluble NH_4 ~ + - N and water-soluble NO_3 ~ - N content with time. The results showed that the three treatments without rewinding resulted in low fermentation rate due to lack of oxygen and not easy to decompose in the short term. In the turn-over treatment, the heating process of the pure material control sample was slow, the pyrolysis phase had a short duration, the TN loss was large, and the compost quality was poor. Compared with the pure material control, after adding the microbial agent agro-crown, the pyrolysis stage , The duration of pyrolysis was prolonged by 4 days, the TN content loss was 10.9% lower than that of the control, the water-soluble NH 4 + -N ratio was reduced by 24.7% and the water-soluble NO 3 - -N was increased by 14.0% Compared with the pure material control, the pyrolysis stage was advanced five days earlier, the duration of pyrolysis was extended by 6 days, the TN content loss was 24.1% lower than that of the control and the water-soluble NH 4 + -N ratio was reduced by 29.3% NO_3 ~ - N increased by 24.2% compared with the control. Inoculation of microbial agents can promote the conversion of water-soluble NH_4 ~ + -N water-soluble NO_3 ~ - N and reduce the weight of compost, of which the micro-element synthesis effect is more ideal. Microprojectiles inoculated with microbial agents can speed up the composting process of vegetable straw, improve the quality of compost products, and the method is simple and easy, and is suitable for wide promotion in the whole basin.