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为阐明细粒尾矿坝漫顶溃坝事故的致灾机制,在力学分析的基础上,借鉴前人成果,研究漫顶溃坝事故的产生机制和灾变过程。分析结果表明,尾矿坝的漫顶溃坝破坏是由水流牵引应力对坝顶溃口形成的促进作用、下泄水流对溃口的冲切加深作用和边坡失稳对溃口的横向扩展作用3方面共同影响造成的。分析尾矿坝漫顶溃坝的灾变过程可以发现,在坝体横向方向,从下游向上游,尾矿坝被漫顶水流层层剥蚀;在坝体纵向方向,水流的冲蚀作用导致溃口边坡产生间歇性失稳坍塌现象,2个方向的作用导致尾矿坝最终溃决。
In order to clarify the mechanism of catastrophic failure of the tailings dam of the fine tailing dam, based on the mechanics analysis, the mechanism and catastrophe process of the flood control over the tail flood were studied based on the results of the predecessors. The analysis results show that the collapse of tailings dam is caused by the effect of water traction stress on the formation of dam top breach, the punching deepening effect of discharge flow on the breach and the lateral expansion of slope instability on breach. Impact caused. Analyzing the catastrophic process of the tailings dam, it is found that in the transverse direction of the dam, from the downstream to the upstream, the tailings dam is denuded by the diffused top water layer; in the longitudinal direction of the dam, Slope instability caused intermittent collapse phenomenon, the role of two directions lead to the final collapse of the tailings dam.