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目的：探讨ＮＫＡＩ细胞在大鼠消化道的发生、发育规律及其与功能的关系。方法：应用免疫细胞化学ＰＡＰ法，观察了胚胎１３ｄ至生后９０ｄ及成年大鼠消化道内ＮＫＡＩ细胞发生及发育的变化。结果：ＮＫＡＩ细胞首先见于胚胎１４ｄ的十二指肠粘膜，早于空肠（胚胎１６ｄ）和回肠（胚胎１７ｄ），其阳性反应强度及细胞数量随发育而增加，３０ｄ时与成年鼠相似；结肠粘膜内于胚胎１７ｄ见多个细胞，但此后数量较少直至成年；胃粘膜于胚胎１５ｄ见个别细胞外，以后无明显变化；食道壁始终未见阳性细胞。结论：推测该细胞为分泌ＮＫＡ的肠道内分泌细胞；表明同一种神经肽内分泌细胞在消化道不同节段其发生不同步，且具有不同的发育规律，并与消化活动有密切的关系。
Objective: To investigate the occurrence and development of NKAI cells in the digestive tract of rats and its relationship with function. Methods: Immunocytochemical PAP method was used to observe the changes of NKAI cells in the digestive tract from embryonic day 13 to postnatal day 90 and adult rats. Results: The NKAI cells first appeared in the duodenal mucosa of embryo 14d earlier than that of jejunum (embryo 16d) and ileum (embryo 17d). The positive reaction intensity and cell number of NKAI cells increased with development, similar to that of adult mice at 30d. Colonic mucosa in the embryo 17d to see a number of cells, but after a small number until the adulthood; gastric mucosa in the embryo 15d see individual cells, no significant changes after; esophageal wall has always been no positive cells. CONCLUSION: It is speculated that this cell is an endocrine cell secreting NKA. It indicates that the same neuropeptide endocrine cells are not synchronized in different segments of the digestive tract and have different developmental rules and are closely related to digestive activity.