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目的了解北京市密云区7类食品中的镉污染状况,对居民膳食镉暴露的健康风险进行初步评估。方法2014~2015年,在辖区内农贸市场、超市和食品店随机抽取7类,共368份样品,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测镉含量,按照GB 2762-2012进行评价;并结合密云区居民膳食消费量数据和FAO/WHO食物添加剂联合专家委员会(Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives,JECFA)2010年制定的镉暂定每月可耐受摄入量0.025 mg/kg·BW对密云区居民进行初步的膳食镉暴露评估。结果 7类食品样品中镉的总检出率为61.4%,其中动物内脏的镉检出率及含量最高,分别为100%和0.05152 mg/kg。密云区居民每月膳食镉总暴露量为0.002204 mg/kg·BW,未超过暂定每月可耐受摄入量0.025 mg/kg·BW,主要来源为蔬菜(55.3%)、大米(20.8%)、动物内脏(14.4%)和蛋及蛋制品(6.4%)。结论北京市密云区居民主要消费的7类食品受到的重金属镉污染在安全范围内,膳食中镉暴露水平低于暂定可耐受摄入量,通过膳食摄入的镉对人体不造成健康风险。
Objective To understand the status of cadmium pollution in seven types of foods in Miyun District of Beijing and to assess the health risks of residents’ dietary exposure to cadmium. Methods From July 2014 to 2015, seven farms, 368 samples were randomly selected from farmer’s markets, supermarkets and food stores in the area. The content of cadmium was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and evaluated according to GB 2762-2012. Dietary consumption data and tentative monthly tolerable intake of cadmium 0.025 mg / kg · BW for 2010 Joint FAO / WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) Residents undergo preliminary dietary exposure to cadmium. Results The total detection rate of cadmium in the seven kinds of food samples was 61.4%. The detection rate and content of cadmium in animal offal were the highest, which were 100% and 0.05152 mg / kg, respectively. The total monthly dietary exposure to cadmium in residents in Miyun was 0.002204 mg / kg BW, less than the tentative monthly tolerable intake of 0.025 mg / kg BW, mainly from vegetables (55.3%), rice (20.8% ), Animal offal (14.4%) and egg and egg products (6.4%). Conclusion Seven kinds of foods mainly consumed by residents in Miyun district of Beijing were contaminated with heavy metal cadmium. The cadmium exposure in the diet was lower than the tentative tolerable intake, and cadmium intake by diet did not pose a health risk to the human body .