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高层建筑由于层数多,体量大,建筑地基必须达到足够的强度才能承受上部结构的荷载,因此高层建筑基础多为深基础,持力层一般应嵌入微风化岩层。高层建筑要满足人防面积、停车位数量等建筑功能方面的要求,同时还要解决施工过程中的结构抗浮等问题,这就要求采用深基坑建造多层地下室,深基坑的建设必然涉及基坑围护、防水等较为复杂的具有不确定性问题的影响。高层建筑功能复杂,子系统多,安装工程量大,要求精度高。新技术、新材料、新工艺大量采用,对施工管理和工种工序的协调要求较高。为此,本人以自己多年在工地的实践工作结合高层建筑的施工特点探讨一下高层建筑施工过程中的常见问题及解决措施。
High-rise buildings due to the number of layers, large volume, the foundation must be constructed enough strength to withstand the load on the superstructure, so mostly high-rise building foundation for the deep foundation, bearing strata should generally be embedded in micro-weathered rock. High-rise buildings to meet the requirements of building functions such as area of civil air defense, parking spaces and so on, but also to solve the problem of anti-floating structure during the construction process, which requires the use of deep foundation pit construction of multi-basement, deep foundation pit construction necessarily involved Foundation pit protection, waterproofing and other more complex problems with the impact of uncertainty. Complex high-rise buildings, subsystems, installation of large quantities, requiring high precision. New technologies, new materials and new techniques are widely used, and the coordination of construction management and workmanship is demanding. To this end, I myself with many years of practice at the site combined with the construction of high-rise building characteristics to explore the high-rise building construction process of common problems and solutions.