终末期肾功能不全引起的血液学紊乱包括贫血、白细胞功能障碍和凝血病。本文讨论尿毒症所致的血液学方面的病理生理学及其相应的治疗。贫血 原因 慢性肾功衰患者贫血的原因是多方面的:1.促红细胞生成素(EPO)的缺乏是首要原因。人体85％～90％的EPO由肾脏合成,其余部分主要在肝脏合成。EPO生成受负反馈系统调节。导致组织缺氧的各种因素均可使EPO生成增加。尿毒症时由于失血、溶血和红细胞寿命缩短而对EPO的需 Hematologic disorders caused by end-stage renal insufficiency include anemia, leukocyte dysfunction and coagulopathy. This article discusses the hematological pathophysiology of uremia and its treatment. Anemia causes anemia in patients with chronic renal failure is due to many reasons: 1. The lack of erythropoietin (EPO) is the primary reason. The body of 85% to 90% of the EPO synthesized by the kidneys, the rest mainly in the liver synthesis. EPO generation is regulated by negative feedback system. Various factors that lead to tissue hypoxia can increase EPO production. Uremia due to blood loss, hemolysis and shortened life expectancy of EPO EPO needs