福建市舶司在北宋元祐二年(1087年)始设于泉州,至明成化八年(1473年)由泉州迁往福州,前后达三百八十六年之久。它的设置,经历了泉州港海外贸易的繁荣、极盛,变化的三个阶段;它的迁移,标志着泉州港进入由盛转衰的阶段。关于元祐设司的原因,学术界早有论证,一般认为主要原因有四:(一)为了适应泉州港海外贸易空前繁荣的需要;(二)为了满足地方官员和海商的请求;(三)为了限制海外 Fujian Shipyard Division in the Northern Song Dynasty Yuanyou two years (1087) was originally located in Quanzhou, Ming Chenghua eight years (1473) moved from Quanzhou to Fuzhou, before and after reaching 386 years. Its setup has experienced three stages of prosperity, exuberance and change of overseas trade of Quanzhou Port; its relocation marked the entrance of Quanzhou Port from prosperity to decline. There are four main reasons why academia has argued about the reasons for setting up Yuanyou: (1) In order to meet the unprecedented prosperity of overseas trade in Quanzhou Port; (2) To meet the requests of local officials and seafarers; (3) In order to limit overseas