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一、问题的提出 众所周知,反映论是现实主义美学的理论基础。近年来不论在我国还是在世界范围内都出现了新理论、新方法的热潮。在这种冲击之下马克思主义理论面临严重挑战,反映论更是首当其冲。马克思主义文艺理论明确规定,文艺是现实生活的反映。然而本体论文学观则把文学作品看成一个独立于现实的,与作者、读者没有联系的封闭自足的客体。这样,在观念更新的旗帜下出现了不少对反映论的批评,乃至完全否定的意见。一提到反映,有些论者马上联想到它是照相、
First, the question raised As we all know, the theory of reflection is the theoretical basis of realist aesthetics. In recent years, both in our country and in the world, new theories and new methods have emerged. The Marxist theory is facing serious challenges under this kind of impact, and the reflection theory is the first to bear the brunt. Marxist literature and art clearly stipulates that literature and art are the reflection of real life. However, the ontology literature view treats literary works as a closed and self-contained object that is independent of reality and has no connection with the author or readers. In this way, there have been many criticisms of the reflectivism under the notional renewal flag, and even completely negative opinions. When it comes to reflection, some commentators immediately think of it as a photograph,