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目的对安徽省发生的首起家庭聚集性人感染H7N9禽流感疫情进行现场调查分析,探讨感染来源和传播方式,为今后H7N9禽流感防控与疫情处置工作提供参考。方法应用现场流行病学方法对2例患者的发病就诊经过、可疑暴露史、流行病学关联及密切接触者进行调查;采集病人及相关活禽市场标本,开展流感病毒核酸检测。结果本次家庭聚集性疫情共发病2人,为母子关系;首发病例2月4日发病,发病前有明确的活禽市场暴露史;续发病例2月15日发病,发病前既有活禽市场暴露史,也有与首发病例的密切接触史;共采集相关环境标本38份,其中13份标本检出H7阳性,均来自当地自活禽市场。结论首发病例的感染来源可能为活禽市场暴露,续发病例的感染来源既可能是活禽市场暴露,也可能为人-人传播;在H7N9疫情调查处置中,应做好密接管理和个人防护工作。
Objective To investigate the origin and transmission of H7N9 avian influenza in H9N9 domestic flocks infected with H9N9 in Anhui Province and provide reference for future prevention and control of H7N9 avian influenza. Methods In-situ epidemiological methods were used to investigate the incidence of disease, suspicious exposure history, epidemiological correlation and close contacts in 2 patients. The samples of patients and related live poultry were collected to carry out the detection of influenza virus nucleic acid. Results The total incidence of this family aggregation epidemic was 2, which was the mother-child relationship. The incidence of the first case was on February 4, and there was a clear history of live poultry market exposure before the onset. The incidence of recurrence was on February 15, There was also a history of market exposure and close contact with the first cases. A total of 38 environmental samples were collected, 13 of which were positive for H7, both from the local live poultry market. Conclusion The source of infection in the first case may be exposed to the live poultry market. The source of infection in the follow-up cases may be the live poultry market or human-to-human transmission. In the investigation and disposal of H7N9 epidemic, close contact management and personal protection should be done .