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目的观察肥厚型与扩张型心肌病病例的心电图改变。方法对9例肥厚型心肌病与19例扩张型心肌病患者心电图资料进行分析。结果肥厚型心肌病组77.8%心电图出现异常,以ST-T改变发生率最高(6例,67%),左心室肥大次之(5例,56%),传导障碍(3例,33%),有1例V3~V5导联出现巨大倒置T波(11%)。扩张型心肌病组全部患者均有不同程度心电图改变,ST-T改变发生率(12例,63%)与肥厚型大致相等,P波改变(12例,63%)、传导障碍(9例,47%)、心房颤动(4例,21%)、室性心动过速(3例,16%)发生率均较肥厚型高,左心室肥大较肥厚型低(37%)。结论肥厚型与扩张型心肌病均可引起多种类型心电图改变,重视临床及心电图变化,采取进一步的检查措施可以最大限度地减少该病的误诊。
Objective To observe the changes of electrocardiogram in patients with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods Nine patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 19 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were analyzed. Results The incidence of ST-T was the highest (6 cases, 67%), left ventricular hypertrophy (5 cases, 56%), conduction disturbance (3 cases, 33%) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy group. , A case of V3 ~ V5 lead to a huge inverted T wave (11%). All patients with dilated cardiomyopathy had varying degrees of electrocardiographic changes. The incidence of ST-T changes (12%, 63%) was roughly the same as that of hypertrophic patients with P wave changes (12%, 63%), conduction disturbances (9% 47%). The incidence of atrial fibrillation (4 cases, 21%) and ventricular tachycardia (3 cases, 16%) were higher than those of hypertrophic type and left ventricular hypertrophy was lower than that of hypertrophic type (37%). Conclusions Both hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy can cause many types of ECG changes, and pay more attention to clinical and electrocardiographic changes. Further examination can minimize the misdiagnosis of the disease.