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更新世末期至全新世初期是现代人群形成与分化的关键时期,现有证据显示这一时期人类体质特征及行为复杂多样,可能存在不同类型的人类.由于多数人类化石缺乏可靠年代数据,加之相关研究薄弱,人类学界对中国更新世末期至全新世初期人类体质特征及演化变异所知甚少.最近对广西隆林发现的古人类化石的研究显示,隆林人呈现更新世古人类和现代人镶嵌型体质特征,或许是当时残存的古老型人类或者未知的新种.这一观点已经引起古人类学界的关注.为进一步探讨这一问题,本文采用高分辨率CT技术对隆林人颞骨进行了扫描及骨性内耳迷路3D虚拟复原,通过与50例新石器时代现代人、10例晚更新世早期现代人及22例尼安德人内耳迷路25项特征数据的修正T值检验、双变量分析、主成分分析和判别分析,结果显示隆林人内耳迷路的形态与现代人关系最近,其次为早期现代人,而与尼安德特人相差较大.本研究提供了中国古人类内耳迷路的形态数据,揭示了全新世初期人类内耳迷路的形态特点.研究结果虽然支持晚更新世末期-全新世初期东亚人群演化历史复杂多样的观点,但还需要更多的发现和研究来阐明这一时期人类的演化规律.
The end of the Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene is a crucial period for the formation and differentiation of the modern population. The available evidence shows that the physical characteristics and behavior of humans are complex and diverse during this period, and different types of human beings may exist. Because most human fossils lack reliable data of the age, The research is weak and the anthropology knows very little about the human constitutional characteristics and evolutionary variations from the end of the Pleistocene to the early Holocene.Recent studies of ancient human fossils discovered in Longlin, Guangxi Province, recently showed that the Longlin people were inlaid with the Pleistocene ancestors Type of physical characteristics, may be the remnants of the ancient human or unknown new species.This view has drawn the attention of ancient anthropology.In order to further explore this issue, this paper uses high-resolution CT technique of Long Lin human temporal bone Scanning and 3D virtual recovery of bony inner ear lost through a modified T-value test with 25 modern Neolithic, 10 late modern Pleistocene and 22 Neanderthal inner ear labyrinth features, bivariate analysis , Principal component analysis and discriminant analysis, the results show that Longlin people lost the shape of the inner ear with the recent relationship with modern people, followed by early Modern, and Neanderthal are quite different.This study provides morphological data about the lost of the inner ear in ancient China and reveals the morphological characteristics of the lost inner ear in early Holocene. Although the results support the late Pleistocene-Holocene, However, more discoveries and studies are needed to clarify the evolution of human beings during this period.