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目的了解大新县2010年新入托、入学儿童预防接种情况,对发现的问题提出建议和对策措施。方法收集儿童入托和入学查验预防接种证和补证、补种疫苗的报表资料,并分类比较和统计分析。结果大新县2010年共有178所小学和62所幼儿园开展预防接种证查验工作,共查验8 232人,查验覆盖率为100%。儿童持证率为97.96%,五苗全程接种率为90.25%;儿童补证率和补种率分别为69.64%、88.28%,城区小学补证率仅为43.90%,乡镇小学补种率仅为82.37%。城区小学及幼儿园儿童五苗全程接种率和补种率均显著高于乡镇,而持证率乡镇幼儿园高于城区幼儿园,补证率乡镇小学高于城区小学(P均<0.05)。结论大新县2010年新入学、入托儿童的持证率和五苗全程接种率均较高,但补证率和补种率偏低,城区小学补证率最低,乡镇小学补种率最低。针对这一问题,建议卫生、教育部门做好协调工作,根据职责分工,配合做好新入学、入托儿童的查验证和补证补种工作。
Objective To understand the situation of vaccination of newly admitted children and adolescents in Daxin County in 2010, and put forward suggestions and countermeasures for the problems discovered. Methods The data of vaccination certificate, supplementary certificate and vaccination report on children admission and admission examination were collected and classified and compared statistically. Results In 2010, a total of 178 primary schools and 62 kindergartens in Daxin County were involved in the examination of vaccination certificates. A total of 8 232 people were investigated, covering 100% coverage. The rate of children’s carding was 97.96% and the rate of five seedlings was 90.25%. The rate of children’s carding and replanting were 69.64% and 88.28% respectively. The rate of attending card in primary school in urban area was only 43.90% 82.37%. The coverage rates of vaccination and replanting of five seedlings in urban primary school and kindergarten were significantly higher than that of township, while the rate of holding certificate in rural kindergarten was higher than that in urban kindergarten. The supplementary certificate rate of township primary school was higher than that of urban primary school (all P <0.05). Conclusion In Daxin County in 2010, the enrollment rate of young children and the whole vaccination rate of five seedlings were all higher, but the supplementary certificate rate and the rate of replacement were lower. The rate of attending card in urban primary school was the lowest, and that of township elementary school was the lowest. In response to this problem, it is suggested that the health and education departments should coordinate their work and make investigations according to their respective functions and responsibilities so as to cooperate with each other in completing new enrollment and child care inspection certificates and supplementing certificates.