渗透压法是测量高聚物分子量和研究高分子溶液性质的主要方法之一。该法是建立在溶液依数性质基础之上的,因此,所测量的是数均分子量。值得注意的是,目前膜渗透压法仍是常用的绝对方法中很重要的一种。绝对法虽尚有超速离心法、光散射法、沸点升高法、冰点降低法,蒸汽压法以及端基分析法等多种,可是其中超速离心法设备复杂,价格昂贵,不是一般试验室都能拥有的。而光散射法虽然在1944年已由德拜(Debye)应用于高分子溶液,但是至今国内拥有该设备的单位还不多。基于溶液热力学性质的其它诸方法,如沸点升 Osmotic pressure method is one of the main methods to measure the molecular weight of polymer and to study the properties of polymer solution. The method is based on the nature of the solution based on the number, therefore, the measured number average molecular weight. It is noteworthy that the current membrane osmometry is still an important one commonly used absolute method. There are many methods of absolute method, such as ultracentrifugation, light scattering, boiling point increase, freezing point reduction, vapor pressure method and end group analysis, etc. Among them, the ultracentrifugation method is complicated and expensive, and is not a common laboratory Can have The light scattering method, though used by Debye in 1944 for polymer solutions, has so far few units in the country. Other methods based on the thermodynamic properties of the solution, such as boiling point rise