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【目的】调整优化苹果品种结构,适应消费市场。从中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所引进‘华硕’等9个早中熟苹果品种进行引种栽培评价,以期筛选出适应滇西北冷凉高地气候的优良早中熟苹果品种。【方法】2011—2014年连续4 a,每个品种随机选取10株标记,定株分别调查10个品种的生长状况、物候期、抗逆性、果实经济性状等指标。【结果】‘华硕’‘红将军’‘华玉’‘早红’4个品种在宁蒗栽培具有结果早、易丰产、果个大、色泽艳丽、果实美观、成熟早、品质好、采收期长、耐贮存、销售价格高等特点,是优良的早中熟品种。【结论】‘华硕’‘红将军’‘华玉’‘早红’4个品种适宜在与宁蒗气候条件相适宜的滇西北冷凉高地推广栽培。
【Objective】 To adjust and optimize the apple variety structure to adapt to the consumer market. Nine early-mid-maturing apple varieties such as Asus were introduced from Zhengzhou Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for introduction and cultivation evaluation, in order to screen out fine early-maturing apple varieties suitable for the cool highland in northwest Yunnan. 【Method】 Ten consecutive indications were collected from 2011 to 2014 in succession for 4 years. Ten varieties were randomly selected for each variety. The growth status, phenophase, stress resistance and fruit economic traits of 10 cultivars were investigated. 【Result】 Four varieties of ’Asus’ ’Red General’ and ’Huahu’ and ’Early Red’ had early fruiting and easy yielding, large fruit size, beautiful color, beautiful fruit, early maturity, good quality and harvesting Long period, storage resistance, higher sales price, is an excellent early maturing varieties. 【Conclusion】 Four varieties of ’ASUS’, ’Red General’, ’Huayu’ and ’Early Red’ were suitable for popularization and cultivation in the cool plateau of northwest Yunnan suitable for climatic conditions of Ninglang.