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目的 了解湖南省国营企业内临时工的职业危害状况 (即职业危害向临时工转移情况 ) ,保护临时工身体健康。方法 按分层抽样法 ,在全省 13个地市、7个系统内抽取 41家国营企业 ,其中 12家已清退临时工。对 2 9家大、中、小型国营企业的 5 10名临时工的职业危害情况进行了调查。结果 调查的 5 10名临时工主要分布在化工 (34 .31% )、建材 (2 0 .98% )和煤炭 (15 .6 9% )系统 ,并以接触粉尘为主 (86 .6 7% ) ;工作场所噪声、粉尘、铅、砷等有害因素的监测超标率高达 76 .2 % ;接触有毒有害因素临时工体检结果显示 ,身体有明显损害 ,特异指标异常率达 36 .8% ,平均接触工龄为 2 .4a。结论 国营企业在生产岗位上使用的临时工均从事有毒有害较严重的工种 ,劳动条件差 ,基本无有效保护措施 ,不进行定期健康检查 ,健康状况差。
Objective To understand the occupational hazards of temporary workers in state-owned enterprises in Hunan Province (that is, occupational hazards transferred to temporary workers) and to protect the health of temporary workers. Methods According to the stratified sampling method, 41 state-owned enterprises were drawn from 13 local cities and 7 systems in the province, of which 12 were laid-off workers. The occupational hazards of 5 10 temporary workers in 29 large, medium and small state-owned enterprises were investigated. Results The 5 10 temporary workers surveyed were mainly found in the chemical industry (34.31%), building materials (20.98%) and coal (15.69%) systems, and were mainly dust (86.67% ). The exceeding rate of monitoring of harmful factors such as workplace noise, dust, lead and arsenic was as high as 76.2%. In contact with toxic and harmful factors, the physical examination of temporary workers showed that the body had obvious damage and the abnormal rate of specific indexes reached 36.8% Contact service life is 2 .4a. CONCLUSIONS Temporary workers in state-owned enterprises engaged in production positions are engaged in more toxic and harmful work, with poor working conditions, basically no effective protective measures, no regular health examination and poor health status.