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目的了解近年潍坊地区急性下呼吸道感染疾病病毒感染的病原学情况。方法采用直接免疫荧光法对2010年7月至2012年6月山东省潍坊市妇幼保健院儿科890例1个月～3岁毛细支气管炎、喘息性支气管炎、婴幼儿哮喘等下呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽分泌物进行呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、流感病毒(IFV)、副流感病毒(PIV)、腺病毒(AdV)测定,并对年龄、性别、季节和不同疾病的感染情况进行分析。结果 890例患儿中有515例病毒检测阳性,阳性率57.9%。RSV居首位,达267例(51.8%),其次依次为IFV117例(22.7%);PIV113例(21.9%);AdV18例(3.5%),单一病毒感染366例,混合感染149例。RSV感染具有一定季节性,冬季达高峰。以<6个月年龄组病毒检出率最高(68.3%),其中混合感染全部发生在<1岁年龄组。结论病毒是潍坊地区婴幼儿急性下呼吸道感染疾病主要病原,<1岁婴儿病毒感染率较高,且好发于冬季。以毛细支气管炎的检出率最高61.9%,主要病原为RSV、IFV、PIV。
Objective To understand the etiology of virus infection in acute lower respiratory tract infection in Weifang in recent years. Methods Direct immunofluorescence assay was performed on 890 children with bronchiolitis, asthmatic bronchitis, infantile asthma and other children with lower respiratory tract infection in our hospital from July 2010 to June 2012 in Weifang City, Shandong Province. (RSV), influenza virus (IFV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) and adenovirus (AdV) were detected in the nasopharyngeal secretions. The age, gender, season and infection of different diseases were also analyzed. Results Among the 890 children, 515 were positive for the virus, with a positive rate of 57.9%. RSV ranked first with 267 cases (51.8%), followed by IFV117 (22.7%); PIV113 (21.9%); AdV18 cases (3.5%) with single virus infection of 366 cases and mixed infection of 149 cases. RSV infection has a certain seasonal peak in winter. The highest detection rate of virus was <6 months (68.3%), of which mixed infection occurred in <1 year old group. Conclusions The virus is the main pathogen of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children in Weifang. The infection rate of infants <1 year old is high and occurs in winter. The highest detection rate of bronchiolitis was 61.9%. The main pathogens were RSV, IFV and PIV.