目的初步掌握外国医师在南京市的执业现状,了解外国医师在日常工作中的执业情况,为我国完善外国医师注册许可和执业监管工作提供依据。方法搜集、分析2013年1月—2016年6月南京市办理外国医师短期行医注册的数据信息,并进行问卷调查。结果现有182名来自28个国家的外国医师在南京市执业,分布在南京市的29家医疗机构,其中韩国籍医师最多,共有52名(28.6%)。有70名(38.5%)外国医师从事内科工作,仅有22名(12.09%)外国医师对汉语掌握达到熟悉的程度。不同性质医疗机构的外国医师,在地区、医疗机构类别、诊疗科目、学历等方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论外国医师在南京市执业人数呈逐年递增趋势,整体执业情况良好,但仍需完善外国医师来华短期行医的相关法律法规并根据实际现状进一步明确细化准入及执业监管的相关规定。 Objective To understand the practicing status of foreign physicians in Nanjing and to understand the practice of foreign physicians in their daily work, so as to provide evidences for our country to improve the registration and supervision of foreign physicians. Methods Data collected and analyzed from January 2013 to June 2016 in Nanjing for short-term practice registration of foreign doctors were analyzed and questionnaires were conducted. Results A total of 182 foreign medical doctors from 28 countries practiced in Nanjing and distributed in 29 medical institutions in Nanjing. Among them, there were 52 Korean doctors (28.6%) with the largest number of Korean nationals. 70 (38.5%) foreign physicians engaged in internal medicine and only 22 (12.09%) foreign physicians gained familiarity with Chinese. The foreign physicians in different medical institutions have significant differences in the areas, types of medical institutions, clinics and academic records (all P <0.01). Conclusion The number of practicing doctors in Nanjing has been increasing year by year and the overall practicing situation is good. However, the relevant laws and regulations on the practice of foreign doctors in China for a short period of time are still to be improved. Relevant regulations on admission and practice supervision should be further clarified according to the actual situation.