19世纪以来,国内外的心理学家对情绪(emotion)进行了长期而深入的研究,使情绪的内涵和外延都得到了深入和拓展。由于情绪的极端复杂性,使得它至今还没有在全球得到一致性的结论。当前较认可的一种看法是:情绪是人对客观事物的态度体验及相应的行为反应。①当客观事物或情境符合主体的需要和愿望时,就能引起积极的、肯定的情绪,反之则产生消极、否定的情绪。 Since the 19th century, psychologists at home and abroad have conducted a long-term and in-depth study on emotion, which has deepened and expanded the connotation and denotation of emotion. Due to the extreme complexity of emotions, it has so far not reached a conclusion of consistency in the world. A more accepted view is that emotion is the attitude of people to the objective things and the corresponding behavior response. ① When objective things or situations are in line with the needs and aspirations of the subject, they can cause positive and affirmative emotions, whereas negative ones produce negative and negative emotions.