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民用建筑物防直击雷,除少数重要建筑外,大多采用沿建筑物女儿墙、屋脊、檐口等易受雷击部位设避雷带(网)。这种避雷带一般采用明设,即用支持卡子把避雷带支持于女儿墙、屋脊、檐口上。此种传统的设置办法,实践证明对防直击雷具有很好的效果,但还存在如下缺点: (1)影响建筑物外观:除少数设计巧妙的建筑物外,多数明装避雷带影响建筑物外观,削弱或破坏建筑师的预期效果。 (2)不便于维护:外露空气中的铁件每年要有1～2次的维护,才能保证避雷带良好的引雷、疏流状态,否则将影响防雷效果。但实际情况非常糟,一大批80年代建的建筑物避雷装置锈迹斑斑,东扭西歪,惨不忍睹,形同虚设。在建后十几年的时间内很少维护,甚至根本没有维护。好在这批建筑物一般都较低,被近几年造起的相对较高的建筑物“保护”,才不至有大的雷害。
In addition to a few important buildings, civil buildings are used to prevent direct lightning strikes. Lightning strikes (nets) are often used along the parapet walls, ridges, and cornices of buildings where they are vulnerable to lightning strikes. This kind of lightning protection belt is generally designed to support the lightning protection belt on the parapet wall, ridge, and cornice with support clips. This kind of traditional installation method has proved to be very effective against direct lightning strikes, but it also has the following shortcomings: (1) It affects the appearance of buildings: Except for a few cleverly-designed buildings, most of the installed lightning protection belts affect buildings. Appearance, weaken or destroy the architect’s intended effect. (2) Inconvenient maintenance: The iron in exposed air must be maintained 1 or 2 times a year to ensure lightning protection with good lightning and sparse flow, otherwise it will affect the lightning protection effect. However, the actual situation is very bad. A large number of lightning protection devices for buildings built in the 1980s were rusted and rusty. They were distorted and distorted. In the ten years after the construction, it was rarely maintained or even not maintained at all. Fortunately, these buildings are generally low, and the relatively high-rise buildings “protected” that have been built in recent years will not cause major damage.